Which laboratory test results should the nurse monitor in a patient who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?

Leukocytes, neutrophils, and thyroxine.

Serum potassium, calcium, and phosphorus.

Erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit.

Blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale
Monitoring leukocytes, neutrophils, and thyroxine is not the most crucial for a patient with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). While these lab values can provide information about the patient’s immune function and thyroid function, they do not directly relate to the patient’s renal function.
Choice B rationale
Monitoring serum potassium, calcium, and phosphorus levels is crucial for a patient with ESRD. These electrolytes are typically excreted by the kidneys, and their levels can become imbalanced in patients with ESRD. Imbalances can lead to serious complications, such as cardiac arrhythmias and bone disease.
Choice C rationale
Monitoring erythrocytes, hemoglobin, and hematocrit is important for a patient with ESRD, as these patients often develop anemia due to decreased erythropoietin production by the kidneys. However, these are not the only lab values that should be monitored in these patients.
Choice D rationale

Monitoring blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature is important for all patients, but these are not specific to patients with ESRD. Patients with ESRD are at risk for electrolyte imbalances, which can affect cardiac function, making monitoring of serum potassium, calcium, and phosphorus levels more crucial.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Maintaining nasal packing is important after a hypophysectomy, especially if the surgery was performed through the nose (transnasal). However, it is not the most important intervention for a patient with Cushing’s disease in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU)4.
Choice B rationale
Monitoring intake and output is a standard nursing intervention in the PACU. It helps assess the patient’s fluid balance and kidney function. However, it is not the most important intervention for a patient with Cushing’s disease following a hypophysectomy.
Choice C rationale
Providing frequent oral care is important for patient comfort and prevention of infections, but it is not the most important intervention for a patient with Cushing’s disease in the PACU following a hypophysectomy.

Choice D rationale
Keeping the head of the bed elevated to 30 degrees is the most important intervention for a patient with Cushing’s disease in the PACU following a hypophysectomy. This position helps reduce swelling, decreases the risk of aspiration, and promotes effective breathing and drainage.

A. The choice of treatment is best determined by the sensitivity of these genetic markers. B. BRCA1 and BRCA2 provide protection of mature, functioning breast and ovarian cells. C. Mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 identify a client’s risk for cancerous cell development in breast tissue. D. The prognosis of breast cancer is most successful when these markers are inherited mutations.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
While the sensitivity of genetic markers can influence the choice of treatment, it is not the primary pathophysiological process involved in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic testing. The main purpose of these tests is to identify genetic mutations that increase the risk of developing certain types of cancer.
Choice B rationale
BRCA1 and BRCA2 do play a role in protecting mature, functioning breast and ovarian cells. However, this is not the primary reason for conducting BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic testing. The main purpose of these tests is to identify mutations that increase cancer risk.
Choice C rationale

This is the correct answer. Mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 can significantly increase a person’s risk for developing breast and ovarian cancer. Therefore, identifying these mutations through genetic testing can help determine a person’s cancer risk.
Choice D rationale
While inherited mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 can influence the prognosis of breast cancer, the primary purpose of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic testing is to identify mutations that increase cancer risk, not to determine prognosis.

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Which laboratory test results should the nurse monitor in a patient who has end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is monitoring a patient with Cushing’s disease in the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) following a hypophysectomy. Which intervention is most important for the nurse to include in the patient’s plan of care?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is preparing a client with breast cancer for BRCA1 and BRCA2 genetic testing. Which pathophysiological process should the nurse use to support client teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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A nurse is preparing a 50 mL dose of 50% dextrose IV for a patient experiencing insulin shock. What is the best method for administering the medication?