Which laboratory result would the nurse anticipate when reviewing the cerebrospinal fluid analysis of a patient with bacterial meningitis?

Decreases in lymphocytes

Decrease in protein level

Decreased in neutrophils

Decrease in glucose level

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Lymphocytes typically increase in viral meningitis, not bacterial.
B.   In bacterial meningitis, protein levels are typically elevated due to the inflammatory process.
C.   Neutrophils would be elevated in bacterial meningitis, as they are the body's primary defense against bacterial infections.
D.   A decrease in glucose levels is characteristic of bacterial meningitis due to the consumption of glucose by the bacteria and the inflammatory response.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Ventriculostomy is considered the gold standard for measuring intracranial pressure (ICP). This procedure involves placing a catheter into the brain's ventricles to directly measure the pressure inside the skull.
B. Fiberoptic catheter can also be used for ICP measurement, but ventriculostomy is more accurate and allows for drainage of cerebrospinal fluid if needed.
C. Central line is used for venous access, not for measuring ICP.
D. Transcranial Doppler is used to assess blood flow in the brain, but not for direct ICP measurement.

A. BP 126/54 mm Hg, pulse 58 beats/min, respirations 10 breaths/min B. BP 112/56 mm Hg, pulse 98 beats/min, respirations 28 breaths/min C. BP 129/65 mm Hg, pulse 60 beats/min, respirations 20 breaths/min D. BP 172/54 mm Hg, pulse 58 beats/min, respirations 10 breaths/min

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. BP 126/54 mm Hg, pulse 58 beats/min, respirations 10 breaths/min - While the low pulse and respirations should be assessed, this blood pressure isn't as concerning.
B. BP 112/56 mm Hg, pulse 98 beats/min, respirations 28 breaths/min - These vital signs are within a safer range compared to the critical changes in D.
C. BP 129/65 mm Hg, pulse 60 beats/min, respirations 20 breaths/min - These are stable vital signs.
D. The BP of 172/54 mm Hg, combined with bradycardia (pulse of 58 beats/min) and hypoventilation (respirations of 10 breaths/min), is indicative of Cushing's triad, a late sign of increased intracranial pressure, which is an emergency requiring immediate attention.

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Which laboratory result would the nurse anticipate when reviewing the cerebrospinal fluid analysis of a patient with bacterial meningitis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which method of measurement is the gold standard for obtaining intracranial pressures?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

When the patient's initial vital signs after a brain injury were a BP of 132/72 mm Hg, pulse 100 beats/min, respirations 24 breaths/min, which subsequent vital signs would the nurse report immediately to the health care provider?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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