Which is the most appropriate nursing diagnosis for a patient who has a severe right-sided stroke with left-sided hemiplegia? The patient uses the right extremities well but does not realize that the left arm and leg even exist.
Unilateral neglect related to brain tissue damage after right-sided stroke
Ineffective denial related to inability to accept paralysis of left arm and leg
Deficient knowledge related to presence of paralyzed left arm and leg
Noncompliance related to inability to follow directions to use left arm and leg
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: This is correct. Unilateral neglect is a condition where the patient fails to attend to or respond to stimuli on the opposite side of the brain lesion. It can affect the patient's perception, attention, memory, and motor function. It can also impair the patient's safety, self-care, and quality of life. The patient may not recognize the existence of the paralyzed limbs, ignore them, or deny their ownership.
Choice B reason: This is incorrect. Ineffective denial is a condition where the patient consciously or unconsciously refuses to acknowledge the reality of a situation that is too threatening or overwhelming. It can interfere with the patient's coping and adaptation. The patient may reject the diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment of the condition. However, this is not the case for the patient with unilateral neglect, who is not aware of the paralysis, rather than refusing to accept it.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Deficient knowledge is a condition where the patient lacks or misinterprets information about a topic related to health or illness. It can affect the patient's decision-making, compliance, and outcomes. The patient may have inaccurate or incomplete understanding of the causes, consequences, or management of the condition. However, this is not the main problem for the patient with unilateral neglect, who is not able to process or attend to the information, rather than lacking it.
Choice D reason: This is incorrect. Noncompliance is a condition where the patient does not or is unable to follow the prescribed or agreed-upon plan of care. It can result from various factors, such as lack of motivation, resources, support, or understanding. The patient may not adhere to the recommendations, instructions, or goals of the treatment. However, this is not the primary issue for the patient with unilateral neglect, who is not capable of performing the tasks, rather than unwilling to do so.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is an incorrect choice because release of prostaglandins lowers the patient’s heart rate and blood pressure is not a reason why acute pain is particularly dangerous for a patient having a heart attack. Prostaglandins are inflammatory mediators that are involved in pain perception and modulation, but they do not have a direct effect on the heart rate and blood pressure. In fact, some prostaglandins may have a protective role in the cardiovascular system by preventing platelet aggregation and vasodilation.
Choice B reason: This is an incorrect choice because release of substance P narrows the airways and leads to hypoxemia is not a reason why acute pain is particularly dangerous for a patient having a heart attack. Substance P is a neuropeptide that is involved in pain transmission and modulation, but it does not have a significant effect on the airways or the oxygen level. Substance P may cause bronchoconstriction in some patients with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but this is not a common or serious complication of acute pain.
Choice C reason: This is an incorrect choice because release of endorphins causes dangerous elevation of blood pressure is not a reason why acute pain is particularly dangerous for a patient having a heart attack. Endorphins are endogenous opioids that are involved in pain inhibition and modulation, but they do not have a major effect on the blood pressure. Endorphins may cause a slight increase in blood pressure by activating the opioid receptors in the brainstem, but this is not a significant or harmful response to acute pain.
Choice D reason: This is the correct choice because stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system will increase cardiac workload is a reason why acute pain is particularly dangerous for a patient having a heart attack. The sympathetic nervous system is part of the autonomic nervous system that is responsible for the fight-or-flight response, which is triggered by acute pain. The sympathetic nervous system will increase the heart rate, blood pressure, and cardiac contractility, which will increase the oxygen demand and consumption of the heart. This will worsen the ischemia and injury of the myocardium, and may lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or cardiac arrest.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is the correct choice because utilizing a no-rinse shampoo cap is the best option for washing the patient’s hair who has just undergone shoulder replacement surgery. A no-rinse shampoo cap is a disposable cap that contains a pre-moistened shampoo and conditioner. It can be heated in a microwave and applied to the patient's head without the need for water or rinsing. It can clean and condition the patient's hair without causing any discomfort or movement of the affected shoulder.
Choice B reason: This is an incorrect choice because using a handheld shower sprayer is not the best option for washing the patient’s hair who has just undergone shoulder replacement surgery. A handheld shower sprayer is a device that attaches to a faucet and allows the user to direct the water flow. It can be difficult and painful for the patient to use or hold the sprayer with the affected shoulder, and it can also wet the surgical dressing or incision site.
Choice C reason: This is an incorrect choice because having the patient lean over the wash basin is not the best option for washing the patient’s hair who has just undergone shoulder replacement surgery. A wash basin is a bowl or sink that contains water and soap for washing. It can be uncomfortable and risky for the patient to lean over the basin with the affected shoulder, and it can also wet the surgical dressing or incision site.
Choice D reason: This is an incorrect choice because having the patient lean back into the sink is not the best option for washing the patient’s hair who has just undergone shoulder replacement surgery. A sink is a basin with a faucet that provides water for washing. It can be uncomfortable and risky for the patient to lean back into the sink with the affected shoulder, and it can also wet the surgical dressing or incision site.
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