Which individual is suffering from the effects of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

The patient who has hyperkalemia and is weak and tired.

The patient who sometimes experiences chest pain when climbing a flight of stairs.

The patient who is experiencing persistent and severe chest pain when at rest.

The patient who has paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND).

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale
Hyperkalemia can cause weakness and fatigue, but it is not directly related to acute coronary syndrome (ACS). ACS is primarily associated with chest pain and other cardiac symptoms.
Choice B rationale
Experiencing chest pain when climbing a flight of stairs may indicate stable angina, which is a form of chronic coronary artery disease. However, it does not meet the criteria for ACS, which involves more severe and persistent symptoms.
Choice C rationale
Persistent and severe chest pain when at rest is a hallmark symptom of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This condition requires immediate medical attention as it can lead to myocardial infarction (heart attack) or other serious complications.
Choice D rationale
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (PND) is a symptom of heart failure, not acute coronary syndrome (ACS). While heart failure can coexist with ACS, PND alone does not indicate ACS4.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Septic shock is characterized by a systemic inflammatory response to infection, leading to vasodilation, increased capillary permeability, and hypotension. The patient’s elevated temperature, tachycardia, and hypotension are consistent with septic shock. In septic shock, the body’s response to infection leads to widespread inflammation and impaired tissue perfusion.
Choice B rationale
Hypovolemic shock is caused by a significant loss of blood or fluids, leading to decreased circulating volume and hypotension. While the patient’s hypotension and tachycardia could be consistent with hypovolemic shock, the elevated temperature suggests an infectious process, making septic shock more likely.
Choice C rationale
Cardiogenic shock is caused by the heart’s inability to pump effectively, leading to decreased cardiac output and tissue perfusion. While hypotension and tachycardia are consistent with cardiogenic shock, the elevated temperature is not a typical finding. Cardiogenic shock is usually associated with conditions like myocardial infarction or severe heart failure.
Choice D rationale
Neurogenic shock is caused by a disruption in the autonomic pathways, leading to vasodilation and hypotension. It is typically associated with spinal cord injuries or severe head trauma. The patient’s elevated temperature and tachycardia are not consistent with neurogenic shock, making septic shock the more likely diagnosis.

A. Absence of burning epigastric pain after eating. B. Two episodes of coffee-ground emesis. C. A decrease in the patient’s alcohol intake. D. Normalization of the patient’s hemoglobin levels.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
The absence of burning epigastric pain after eating indicates that the treatment for peptic ulcer disease (PUD) secondary to H. pylori has been effective. This suggests that the ulcer has healed and the inflammation has subsided.
Choice B rationale
Coffee-ground emesis indicates the presence of blood in the vomit, which suggests ongoing bleeding and is not a sign of effective treatment for PUD.
Choice C rationale
A decrease in alcohol intake is beneficial for overall health but does not directly indicate the effectiveness of treatment for PUD secondary to H. pylori.
Choice D rationale
Normalization of hemoglobin levels is important but does not specifically indicate the effectiveness of treatment for PUD secondary to H. pylori. The primary indicator would be the resolution of symptoms such as burning epigastric pain.

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Which individual is suffering from the effects of acute coronary syndrome (ACS)?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who presents with a temperature of 38°C (100.4°F), a heart rate of 110 beats per minute, and a blood pressure of 90/60 mmHg.Which condition is the client most likely experiencing?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which assessment data would indicate to the nurse that pharmacologic treatment with antibiotics and antacids has been effective for the patient diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) secondary to H. pylori?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client with acute pancreatitis. Which laboratory result would the nurse expect to find elevated?

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