Which disorder would the nurse recognize as the likely cause of right heart failure (cor pulmonale)?
Upper GI bleeding
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Liver failure
Renal failure
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Upper GI bleeding is not a direct cause of right heart failure (cor pulmonale). While severe GI bleeding can lead to other complications such as anemia or shock, it does not typically result in cor pulmonale.
Choice B reason: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a primary cause of cor pulmonale. COPD leads to chronic hypoxia, which increases pressure in the pulmonary arteries (pulmonary hypertension). The right ventricle of the heart must work harder to pump blood through these high-pressure arteries, eventually leading to right heart failure.
Choice C reason: Liver failure can lead to various systemic complications such as fluid imbalance and electrolyte disturbances, but it is not a direct cause of right heart failure (cor pulmonale). Cor pulmonale is specifically related to pulmonary conditions that increase right ventricular workload.
Choice D reason: Renal failure, while serious and capable of causing cardiovascular complications due to fluid overload and hypertension, is not typically linked to the development of cor pulmonale. The primary cause of cor pulmonale is chronic lung disease like COPD, which directly affects the pulmonary vasculature.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Eating foods high in potassium can be important for patients taking diuretics, as diuretics can cause potassium loss. However, for SIADH patients, this is not a primary focus unless they are on diuretics that specifically lead to potassium loss.
Choice B reason: Limiting fluid intake is crucial for patients with SIADH to prevent fluid overload and hyponatremia. This statement aligns with proper management of the condition.
Choice C reason: Patients with SIADH need to carefully manage their sodium intake. Rather than reducing sodium, they often need to maintain or increase their sodium intake to help counteract the effects of SIADH, which causes dilutional hyponatremia (low blood sodium levels). Therefore, this statement indicates a need for additional instruction.
Choice D reason: Weighing oneself daily is an important practice for SIADH patients to monitor for sudden weight changes, which can indicate fluid imbalances. This statement is appropriate and does not require additional instruction.
Correct Answer is ["B","D"]
Explanation
Choice A reason: Poor nutrition related to alcoholism can lead to abdominal obesity, but it is not a direct cause of ascites in liver cirrhosis. Ascites is primarily due to factors like portal hypertension and decreased colloid oncotic pressure.
Choice B reason: Portal hypertension is a significant cause of ascites in liver cirrhosis. The increased pressure in the portal vein causes proteins to leak from the blood vessels into the peritoneal cavity, leading to fluid accumulation.
Choice C reason: Osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus stimulating thirst can lead to excessive fluid intake, but this is not a direct cause of ascites related to liver cirrhosis. Ascites is more directly linked to portal hypertension and decreased colloid oncotic pressure.
Choice D reason: Decreased colloid oncotic pressure due to the liver's inability to synthesize albumin is a key factor in the development of ascites. Albumin helps maintain fluid balance in the blood vessels, and its deficiency leads to fluid leakage into the peritoneal cavity.
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