Which disease process has a manifestation of excessive production in mucus?
Emphysema
Peripheral vascular disease
Heart failure
Bronchitis
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Emphysema destroys alveoli, causing air trapping and dyspnea, but doesn’t involve excessive mucus production, focusing on structural loss, not glandular activity.
Choice B reason: Peripheral vascular disease impairs arterial flow, causing ischemia and pain, not affecting airways or mucus glands, unrelated to respiratory secretions.
Choice C reason: Heart failure leads to fluid in alveoli (edema), causing crackles, but not excessive mucus, as it’s a circulatory, not inflammatory airway issue.
Choice D reason: Bronchitis inflames bronchial tubes, overactivating goblet cells to produce excess mucus, leading to productive cough, a hallmark of this condition.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Renin, from the kidneys, regulates blood pressure via angiotensin, not a thyroid product, unrelated to its metabolic or calcium functions.
Choice B reason: BNP, secreted by the heart, reduces volume overload in heart failure, not a thyroid hormone, distinct from its endocrine role.
Choice C reason: Erythropoietin, from kidneys, stimulates red blood cell production, not produced by the thyroid, which focuses on metabolism and calcium.
Choice D reason: Calcitonin, from thyroid parafollicular cells, lowers blood calcium by inhibiting bone resorption, a key thyroid hormone alongside T3/T4.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Fever of 103°F may occur in thyroid storm, not goiter, which is simply thyroid enlargement without systemic hypermetabolism or infection necessarily.
Choice B reason: Goiter is defined by thyroid gland enlargement, often from iodine deficiency or hyperplasia, palpable as a neck mass, the core characteristic here.
Choice C reason: Fibrotic tissue in arterioles relates to vascular diseases, not goiter, which involves thyroid tissue growth, not arterial structural changes.
Choice D reason: Glycosaminoglycan deposits occur in myxedema (hypothyroidism), not goiter, which is enlargement alone, not skin or connective tissue alteration.
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