Which cartilage covers the opening of the trachea?
Epiglottis
Arytenoids
Thyroid
Cricoid
The Correct Answer is A
A. Epiglottis: The epiglottis is a leaf-shaped flap of cartilage located at the root of the tongue. It covers the opening of the trachea during swallowing to prevent food and liquids from entering the airway. This function is crucial for protecting the respiratory tract from aspiration.
B. Arytenoids: The arytenoid cartilages are small, paired cartilages that are involved in the movement and tension of the vocal cords but do not cover the opening of the trachea.
C. Thyroid: The thyroid cartilage is the largest cartilage of the larynx and forms the Adam's apple but does not cover the trachea.
D. Cricoid: The cricoid cartilage is located below the thyroid cartilage and is the only complete ring of cartilage around the trachea. While it provides support, it does not cover the opening of the trachea.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. It decreases the heart rate.: Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that binds to receptors in the heart, leading to a decrease in heart rate by activating the parasympathetic nervous system.
B. It increases the heart rate.: Acetylcholine does not increase heart rate; that function is primarily associated with norepinephrine, which is part of the sympathetic nervous system.
C. It increases the rate of spontaneous depolarization: Acetylcholine actually decreases the rate of spontaneous depolarization in pacemaker cells of the heart, leading to a slower heart rate.
D. It shortens the time for repolarization.: Acetylcholine does not shorten repolarization; it increases the duration of repolarization due to the hyperpolarizing effects on the heart cells.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Blood fills the left ventricle and empties the right: This refers to the ventricles, not the atria, so it is incorrect in the context of atrial diastole.
B. Both the left and right atrial chambers fill with blood: During atrial diastole, the atria relax and fill with blood from the veins (superior/inferior vena cava for the right atrium and pulmonary veins for the left atrium).
C. Blood fills the right atrium and empties the left: This is incorrect because both atria fill with blood during atrial diastole.
D. Both the left and right atria are emptied of blood: This describes atrial systole (contraction), not diastole.
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