Which blood pressure (BP) finding by the nurse indicates that no changes in therapy are needed for a 48-year-old patient with newly diagnosed hypertension?

128/76 mm Hg

148/78 mm Hg

98/56 mm Hg

128/92 mm Hg

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: A blood pressure of 128/76 mm Hg is within the target range for a patient with hypertension, indicating that the current therapy is effectively managing the condition. This reading is below the generally accepted threshold for hypertension, which is 140/90 mm Hg.

Choice B reason: A blood pressure of 148/78 mm Hg is above the target range for hypertension management. This reading suggests that the patient may need an adjustment in their therapy to better control their blood pressure and reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications.

Choice C reason: A blood pressure of 98/56 mm Hg is too low and may indicate hypotension, which can be a concern, especially if the patient experiences symptoms like dizziness or fainting. This reading suggests that the patient's therapy may need to be adjusted to avoid excessively lowering blood pressure.

Choice D reason: A blood pressure of 128/92 mm Hg shows an elevated diastolic pressure, which is above the target range. This indicates that the patient's hypertension is not fully controlled, and adjustments in therapy may be needed to bring both systolic and diastolic pressures within the desired range.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Endocardial infection is not commonly associated with Alzheimer's disease. While it can occur, it is not a frequent infection related to chronic dementia.

Choice B reason: Brain infections, such as encephalitis, can occur but are not among the most common infections seen in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Choice C reason: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in patients with Alzheimer's disease due to factors such as immobility, incontinence, and the use of catheters. UTIs can exacerbate confusion and other dementia-related symptoms.

Choice D reason: Pneumonia is a common and serious infection in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Due to cognitive impairment, these patients may have difficulty swallowing, leading to aspiration pneumonia. Additionally, their weakened immune systems make them more susceptible to respiratory infections.

Choice E reason: Gastrointestinal infections are not typically associated with Alzheimer's disease as a common complication. While they can occur, they are not as prevalent as UTIs and pneumonia in this patient population.

A. Hemoglobin: 12.0 g/dL (normal range: 13.5-17.5 g/dL) B. Serum Creatinine: 1.3 mg/dL (normal range: 0.6-1.2 mg/dL) C. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN): 24 mg/dL (normal range: 7-20 mg/dL) D. INR: 3.5 (normal range: 0.8-1.1)

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: A hemoglobin level of 12.0 g/dL is slightly below the normal range for men but is not the most critical concern preoperatively. It indicates mild anemia, which should be monitored but does not present an immediate high risk.

Choice B reason: A serum creatinine level of 1.3 mg/dL is slightly elevated and indicates mild renal impairment. While this should be considered, it is not as immediately concerning as a significantly abnormal coagulation value.

Choice C reason: A Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) level of 24 mg/dL is slightly above normal, indicating some renal function impairment or dehydration. However, it does not pose the most significant immediate risk compared to a high INR value.

Choice D reason: An INR of 3.5 is significantly elevated and indicates a high risk of bleeding. For a surgical patient, this is the most concerning pre-op lab value because it suggests that the patient's blood is not clotting properly. This increases the risk of excessive bleeding during and after surgery, making it a priority to address before proceeding with the operation.

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Which blood pressure (BP) finding by the nurse indicates that no changes in therapy are needed for a 48-year-old patient with newly diagnosed hypertension?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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