Which amount of urine production should the nurse evaluate as adequate output for a typical adult client?

The directive takes effect only if the client is incapable of personally making health care decisions. This statement demonstrates an understanding of health care proxy and care because it reflects the definition of a health care proxy as a person who can make health care decisions for the client only when the client is unable to communicate these themselves.

Choice A is wrong because the daughter does not have the authority to make all of the client’s health care decisions, only those that the client has not specified in advance or that are not covered by the living will.

Choice B is wrong because no extraordinary means, such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation, will be initiated only if the client has expressed this preference in a living will or a do-not-resuscitate order.

Choice D is wrong because the closest relative, such as the spouse, does not have to be consulted before the daughter in making health care decisions, unless the client has designated them as an alternate proxy.

On a regular schedule around the clock. This is because when pain is present for more than 12 hours a day, analgesic dosages are best administered around the clock rather than on an as-needed basis.

Choice A is wrong because waiting for the client to exhibit physiologic symptoms of pain may delay the administration of analgesics and cause unnecessary suffering. Physiologic symptoms of pain are not always reliable indicators of pain intensity or quality.

Choice B is wrong because administering analgesics prior to painful activities may not provide adequate pain relief throughout the day. Painful activities may vary depending on the client’s condition and preferences.

Choice D is wrong because relying on the client’s request may not ensure optimal pain management. Some clients may be reluctant to ask for analgesics due to fear of addiction, side effects, or being perceived as weak.