When assessing the breast, the nurse would teach the patient to palpate which of the following areas?

Nurses are mandated reporters, meaning they are legally required to report any suspected or confirmed cases of child, elder, or vulnerable adult abuse or neglect to the appropriate authorities, such as child protective services or adult protective services. This duty applies regardless of whether the abuse or neglect was disclosed by the victim or observed by the nurse.

While nurses may choose to involve family members or refer the individual to social services, these actions do not replace the legal obligation to report abuse or neglect. Failure to report can result in legal and professional consequences for the nurse.

The nurse is assessing the 6 stages of the cardinal gaze to evaluate the function of the cranial nerves III, IV, and VI for ocular motor movements, which control eye movement and positioning.

Cranial nerve III controls the superior rectus, inferior rectus, and medial rectus muscles, which move the eye up, down, and inward, respectively. Cranial nerve IV controls the superior oblique muscle, which moves the eye downward and laterally. Cranial nerve VI controls the lateral rectus muscle, which moves the eye outward.

Therefore, the nurse will observe the patient's ability to move their eyes smoothly in each of the six cardinal positions of gaze and note any abnormalities that may indicate dysfunction of these cranial nerves. This test is used to diagnose conditions such as strabismus, nystagmus, and palsy of the ocular motor nerves.

Cranial nerve II, on the other hand, is responsible for visual acuity, not eye movement, and is tested separately using a visual acuity chart or other vision tests.