When a child is receiving furosemide twice a day, for which complication should a nurse monitor closely?

Hypercalcemia.

Hypokalemia.

Hypocalcemia.

Hyperkalemia.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale:

Hypercalcemia refers to high calcium levels in the blood, and it is not a common complication associated with furosemide use. Furosemide primarily affects electrolytes like potassium.

Choice B rationale:

Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can lead to excessive potassium loss through urine, potentially causing hypokalemia (low potassium levels). Monitoring potassium is crucial to prevent complications like muscle weakness and cardiac arrhythmias.

Choice C rationale:

Hypocalcemia, which is low calcium levels, is not a typical complication of furosemide use. Furosemide's primary impact is on sodium and potassium balance.

Choice D rationale:

Hyperkalemia is the opposite of what furosemide commonly causes. Furosemide-induced diuresis often leads to hypokalemia, not hyperkalemia.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Children with nephrotic syndrome are at an increased risk of infection due to loss of immunoglobulins and other immune-related proteins in the urine, along with the use of immunosuppressive medications. The proteinuria associated with nephrotic syndrome leads to hypoalbuminemia and decreased immunity, making the child susceptible to infections, particularly bacterial peritonitis. Preventive measures include proper hand hygiene, maintaining a clean environment, and timely administration of prescribed antibiotics.

Choice B rationale:

Hypertension is not a primary complication of nephrotic syndrome in children. While they may have fluid retention and edema, resulting in increased blood pressure, infection is a more significant concern.

Choice C rationale:

Weight loss is not a typical complication of nephrotic syndrome but rather the opposite. Children with nephrotic syndrome often experience weight gain due to fluid retention and edema.

Choice D rationale:

Hyperkalemia is a possible electrolyte imbalance in nephrotic syndrome, but it is not a primary concern for children with this condition. The loss of protein in the urine can lead to hypoalbuminemia and subsequent edema, but hyperkalemia is not a common initial complication.

A. "The improvement may indicate a misdiagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.". B. "The improvement is evidence of the creation of new insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.". C. "The improvement is a temporary response of the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas.". D. "The improvement is the beginning of a complete recovery for your child.".

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

Misdiagnosis is unlikely since the glucose levels are improving, indicating a valid diagnosis.

Choice B rationale:

Insulin-producing cells don't regenerate in substantial amounts to normalize glucose levels within a month. This process takes longer.

Choice C rationale:

This choice correctly identifies the situation as a temporary improvement due to the remaining insulin-producing cells functioning better temporarily.

Choice D rationale:

Complete recovery is not likely in such a short time frame.

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When a child is receiving furosemide twice a day, for which complication should a nurse monitor closely?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An 8-year-old who is receiving treatment for nephrotic syndrome should have a plan of care for the reduction of the risk for which complication?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A patient newly diagnosed with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus comes to the clinic one month after diagnosis. The mother tells the nurse, "My child is getting better. The glucose levels are almost normal and my child requires less insulin.". What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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