What stage of labor begins with full 10cm dilation of the cervix to the birth of the baby?
First stage
Third stage
Fourth stage
Second Stage
The Correct Answer is D
A. First stage: The first stage of labor begins with the onset of regular contractions and ends with full dilation (10 cm) of the cervix.
B. Third stage: The third stage of labor begins after the birth of the baby and ends with the delivery of the placenta.
C. Fourth stage: The fourth stage of labor involves the immediate postpartum period after the placenta is delivered, focusing on stabilization of the mother.
D. Second Stage: The second stage of labor begins with complete cervical dilation (10 cm) and ends with the birth of the baby.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Bloody show from the vagina: Bloody show is a normal sign during the second stage of labor, indicating that the cervix is dilating and the labor is progressing. It does not require immediate reporting.
B. Early decelerations in the FHR: Early decelerations are often a benign finding during labor, typically caused by head compression and do not usually indicate distress.
C. Uterine contraction lasting 2 minutes: A uterine contraction lasting 2 minutes is considered prolonged, and this can lead to decreased blood flow to the fetus, resulting in fetal distress. The provider should be notified.
D. Pelvic pressure with contractions: Pelvic pressure is a normal part of the second stage of labor as the fetus descends into the birth canal. This is an expected finding and does not require immediate reporting.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Encouraging the client to rest between contractions: While resting between contractions is important, it is not directly related to the gate control theory of pain, which involves blocking pain signals.
B. Turning the client onto her left side. Positioning can help with circulation and comfort, but it does not directly reflect the gate control theory of pain.
C. Massaging the client's back. The gate control theory suggests that non-painful stimuli, such as massage, can "close the gate" to painful stimuli and help reduce the sensation of pain.
D. Administering prescribed analgesic medication: While medications help relieve pain, they are not based on the gate control theory, which focuses on physical interventions to block pain signals.
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