What should the nurse ask the patient about to determine possible causes of acute glomerulonephritis?

History of high blood pressure

Recent sore throat and fever

Recent bladder infection

History of kidney stones

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale
A history of high blood pressure is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease but not specifically for acute glomerulonephritis. Acute glomerulonephritis is more commonly associated with infections.

Choice B rationale
A recent sore throat and fever, especially if caused by a streptococcal infection, can lead to post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. This is a well-documented cause of acute glomerulonephritis, making it the correct answer.

Choice C rationale
While bladder infections can lead to urinary tract infections, they are not typically associated with acute glomerulonephritis. This condition is more commonly related to infections that can cause a systemic immune response.

Choice D rationale
A history of kidney stones is associated with chronic kidney issues and can lead to infections, but it is not a direct cause of acute glomerulonephritis. This condition is usually caused by an immune response to an infection elsewhere in the body.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Immobility is a significant risk factor for DVT as it can lead to stagnation of blood in the veins, increasing the risk of clot formation.

Choice B rationale
High calcium intake is not typically associated with an increased risk of DVT. Instead, factors like immobility, certain medications, and medical conditions are more influential.

Choice C rationale
Oral contraceptive use, especially those containing estrogen, can increase the risk of DVT due to their effect on blood clotting mechanisms.

Choice D rationale
A BMI of 20 is considered within the normal range and is not a risk factor for DVT. Obesity, which is a BMI of 30 or higher, would be a risk factor.

Choice E rationale
Hypertension itself is not a direct risk factor for DVT. However, it can be associated with other health conditions that may increase the risk of thrombosis.

A. Tell the patient to clean the urethral area, void a small amount into the toilet, then void directly into a sterile container. B. Have the patient empty the bladder completely; then obtain the next urine specimen that the patient is able to void. C. Clean the area around the patient's meatus with a povidone-iodine (Betadine) swab and then have the patient void into a sterile specimen cup. D. Insert a short sterile "mini" catheter attached to a collecting container into the urethra and bladder to obtain the specimen.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
This method is the standard procedure for obtaining a clean-catch midstream urine specimen. The initial voiding washes away organisms near the meatus, and the midstream urine is less likely to be contaminated by bacteria from the skin or urethral area, providing a sample that more accurately represents the bacteria in the bladder.

Choice B rationale
Having the patient empty the bladder completely and then obtaining the next specimen does not ensure a clean-catch sample. This method could lead to contamination of the specimen with bacteria from the skin or urethral area.

Choice C rationale
Cleaning the area with povidone-iodine is not recommended for routine urine culture as it may kill some of the bacteria, leading to a false-negative result. The standard practice is to clean the area with mild soap and water.

Choice D rationale
Inserting a catheter is an invasive procedure and is not the first choice for obtaining a urine specimen. It is used when a patient is unable to provide a clean-catch specimen or if there are specific medical indications.

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What should the nurse ask the patient about to determine possible causes of acute glomerulonephritis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is giving a presentation about preventing deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which of the following should the nurse include as risk factors for this disorder? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

A female patient with a suspected urinary tract infection is to provide a clean-catch midstream urine specimen for culture and sensitivity testing. What should the nurse do to obtain the specimen?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

What should the nurse ask the patient about to determine possible causes of acute glomerulonephritis?

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