What is the primary advantage of using low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) over heparin?

LMWHs produce a more stable effect on coagulation; thus, fewer lab tests are needed.

LMWHs may be given by the oral route

LMWHs have a short duration of action

LMWHs possess greater anticoagulant activity

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. LMWHs produce a more stable effect on coagulation; thus, fewer lab tests are needed: Correct LMWHs have a more predictable anticoagulant response compared to unfractionated heparin, resulting in a more stable effect on coagulation. Because of their predictable response, routine monitoring of coagulation parameters, such as activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), is typically not required with LMWH therapy, unlike with unfractionated heparin.

B. LMWHs may be given by the oral route: Incorrect. LMWHs are administered by the subcutaneous route.

C. LMWHs have a short duration of action: Incorrect. LMWHs have a longer duration of action compared to unfractionated heparin.

D. LMWHs possess greater anticoagulant activity: incorrect. LMWHs generally have less potent anticoagulant activity compared to unfractionated heparin, but their more predictable response and longer half-life make them advantageous in many clinical scenario

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act): This act sets the groundwork for food and drug regulations, but it's not the specific legislation governing dietary supplements. While FD&C Act applies to some aspects of supplements, DSHEA has more specific regulations.

B. Joint Commission on the Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO): This organization focuses on accrediting healthcare facilities, not regulating supplements.

C. Health and Human Services (HHS): HHS is a broad department encompassing various healthcare agencies, but DSHEA is the specific act within HHS that governs supplements.

D. Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA): This 1994 act specifically addresses dietary supplements, outlining regulations for labeling, manufacturing, and marketing. It places the responsibility for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of supplements on the manufacturers, unlike prescription drugs approved by the FDA.

A. Increase the risk for bleeding B. Cause severe headache C. Decrease the effects of the warfarin (Coumadin) D. Cause severe hypotension

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Increase the risk for bleeding: Herbal supplements like green tea, ginkgo, feverfew, garlic, and ginger can potentiate the effects of warfarin by enhancing its anticoagulant properties. This increases the risk of bleeding, as warfarin itself is a blood thinner designed to prevent clot formation. These herbs can further inhibit platelet aggregation or enhance anticoagulation, leading to a higher risk of bleeding complications.

B. Cause severe headache: While some herbal supplements can cause headaches as a side effect, this is not the primary concern when combined with warfarin. The interaction between these herbs and warfarin does not commonly result in severe headaches. The primary issue is the increased risk of bleeding.

C. Decrease the effects of the warfarin (Coumadin): These particular herbal supplements do not generally decrease the effects of warfarin. In fact, they are more likely to increase its anticoagulant effects. Some other substances might interfere with warfarin's efficacy, but the herbs listed are known to enhance its bleeding risk.

D. Cause severe hypotension: Severe hypotension is not a common result of combining these herbal supplements with warfarin. The primary interaction is related to the blood-thinning effects, not to blood pressure regulation. Herbal supplements that might affect blood pressure are not typically those that interact significantly with warfarin in this manner.

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What is the primary advantage of using low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) over heparin?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

When asked if there are any regulatory controls on herbal or dietary supplements, the nurse responds to the client by informing him that herbal and dietary supplements are regulated by the:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client taking warfarin (Coumadin) should be instructed to avoid herbal supplements such as green tea, ginkgo, feverfew, garlic, and ginger because these could:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

It is important for the nurse to assess for the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) because:

A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride 30 mEq PO daily. The amount available is potassium chloride 20 mEq/15mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth/whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a prosthetic aortic valve and takes warfarin daily at bedtime. Which of the following data is the priority finding for the nurse to report to the provider?

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Which of the following clump and adhere to the wall of the injured blood vessel to begin the process of hemostasis?