What is a significant discovery from the Human Genome Project?

Choice A rationale:

Restriction of movement is not a necessary requirement following IV opioid administration during labor. While some healthcare providers may encourage laboring individuals to rest after receiving pain medication, it is not mandatory to remain in bed.

In fact, remaining upright and mobile can often be beneficial during labor. Movement can help encourage fetal descent, improve circulation, and potentially even shorten labor duration.

It's essential to educate clients about the benefits of staying active during labor, even after receiving pain medication. This can empower them to make informed choices about their comfort and positioning during the birthing process.

Choice B rationale:

This statement is accurate. IV opioids can cross the placenta and potentially affect the fetal heart rate.

It's crucial for clients to be aware of this potential effect so that they can understand the importance of fetal monitoring during labor. Healthcare providers will closely monitor the baby's heart rate to ensure it remains within a normal range.

Choice C rationale:

This statement is also accurate. If a baby is born too soon after the mother receives IV opioids, there is a risk of respiratory depression.

This is because the opioids can cross the placenta and affect the baby's breathing. Healthcare providers are trained to manage this risk and will take appropriate measures to ensure the baby's well-being, such as providing respiratory support if needed.

Choice D rationale:

This statement is correct. IV opioids are primarily used to relieve pain during labor, not to decrease the frequency of contractions.

While they may have some mild effects on contraction strength or duration, their primary purpose is to provide pain relief. It's important for clients to understand this distinction so that they have realistic expectations about the medication's effects.

Choice A rationale:

While non-pharmacologic methods can promote relaxation and coping, they may not guarantee full alertness at all times.

The intensity of labor pain can vary significantly, and even non-pharmacologic methods may not completely prevent fatigue or exhaustion.

Factors such as prolonged labor, anxiety, or discomfort can still impact alertness.

Choice C rationale:

Non-pharmacologic methods often provide significant pain relief, but they may not achieve the same degree of pain control as pharmacologic options like epidural analgesia.

The level of pain relief experienced with non-pharmacologic methods can depend on individual factors, preferences, and the specific techniques used.

Choice D rationale:

While relaxation and reduced anxiety can sometimes contribute to a more efficient labor, there's no guarantee that nonpharmacologic methods will consistently lead to a more rapid labor.

The duration of labor is influenced by various factors, including the strength and frequency of contractions, the position of the fetus, and the mother's overall health and preparedness.

Choice B rationale:

Non-pharmacologic pain management techniques do not involve medications or interventions that could potentially have adverse effects on the fetus.

This makes them a safe and desirable option for many pregnant women who are concerned about the potential risks of pharmacologic pain relief.

Common non-pharmacologic techniques include:

Relaxation techniques (deep breathing, guided imagery, meditation)

Hydrotherapy (immersion in water, showers, hot or cold compresses)

Positioning and movement (walking, rocking, changing positions frequently)

Massage and touch therapy

Acupuncture and acupressure

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)

Biofeedback

Hypnosis

Continuous labor support (from a doula, partner, or other support person)