What is a common, serious complication of rheumatic fever?
Pulmonary hypertension.
Cardiac valve damage.
Seizures.
Cardiac arrhythmias.
The Correct Answer is B
The correct answer is choice B. Cardiac valve damage.
Choice A rationale:
Pulmonary hypertension is not a common complication of rheumatic fever. Rheumatic fever primarily affects the heart, joints, skin, and brain, and pulmonary hypertension is not a typical manifestation of this condition.
Choice B rationale:
Cardiac valve damage is a common and serious complication of rheumatic fever. Rheumatic fever is caused by an autoimmune reaction to untreated streptococcal infections, particularly Streptococcus pyogenes. The immune response targets not only the streptococcal bacteria but also the body's own tissues, especially heart valves. This can lead to inflammation of the heart valves, a condition known as rheumatic heart disease. Over time, repeated bouts of rheumatic fever can result in significant damage to the heart valves, leading to valve insufficiency or stenosis. This can ultimately cause heart failure and other cardiovascular complications.
Choice C rationale:
Seizures are not a common complication of rheumatic fever. Rheumatic fever primarily affects the heart and other body systems, but it does not typically lead to seizures.
Choice D rationale:
Cardiac arrhythmias are possible complications of rheumatic fever, but they are not as common or significant as cardiac valve damage. The inflammation and scarring caused by rheumatic fever can disrupt the electrical pathways of the heart, potentially leading to arrhythmias. However, the more prevalent and severe consequence of rheumatic fever is the damage to the heart valves.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","E"]
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A, E.
Choice A rationale:
Using an air conditioner is an effective way to reduce exposure to pollens and dust. Air conditioners filter the air and help prevent outdoor allergens from entering the indoor environment. This choice is correct because it addresses one of the primary sources of exposure to allergens.
Choice B rationale:
Keeping humidity in the house above 60% is not a recommended approach. High humidity can promote the growth of mold and dust mites, which can exacerbate allergies. Maintaining humidity levels between 30-50% is generally recommended for reducing allergen exposure.
Choice C rationale:
Keeping pets outside might seem like a logical option to reduce allergen exposure; however, pet allergens can still be carried indoors on clothing and shoes. Moreover, if individuals are not allergic to pet dander, keeping the pets inside may not pose an issue.
Choice D rationale:
Replacing wall-to-wall carpeting with wood and tile floors is a good strategy for reducing allergen exposure. Carpets can trap dust, pollen, and other allergens, while hard surfaces are easier to clean and do not accumulate allergens as readily. This choice is correct because it addresses a common source of indoor allergens.
Choice E rationale:
Putting dust-proof covers on pillows and mattresses is another effective strategy for reducing allergen exposure. These covers create a barrier that prevents dust mites and their allergens from permeating the sleeping environment. This choice is correct because it directly addresses the issue of dust mite allergens.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A: Rotavirus.
Choice A rationale:
Rotavirus is a viral pathogen that frequently causes acute diarrhea in young children. It is highly contagious and is responsible for a significant portion of severe diarrhea cases worldwide. Rotavirus infections are most common in infants and young children, and they can lead to dehydration, especially in developing countries where access to clean water and proper sanitation might be limited.
Choice B rationale:
Salmonella organisms can cause food poisoning and gastrointestinal infections that lead to diarrhea. However, they are more commonly associated with bacterial infections rather than viral-induced acute diarrhea.
Choice C rationale:
Shigella organisms are also bacterial pathogens that cause diarrhea, specifically bacillary dysentery. While they can cause severe diarrhea, they are not the viral pathogen typically responsible for acute diarrhea in young children.
Choice D rationale:
Giardia organisms are parasites that can cause gastrointestinal infections leading to diarrhea. However, they are not viruses, and they are less commonly associated with acute diarrhea in children compared to rotavirus.
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