What happens when a hypertonic IV solution is administered to a client?

Fluid will be pushed in the interstitial spaces

Fluid will be pulled out of the cells and into the blood stream.

Fluid will be pushed out of the blood stream into the extravascular spaces.

Fluid will be pulled out of the bloodstream into the cells

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Fluid will be pushed into the interstitial spaces. Hypertonic solutions draw water into the bloodstream, not into tissues.

B. Fluid will be pulled out of the cells and into the bloodstream: Hypertonic solutions (e.g., 3% NaCl, D10W) have a higher osmolarity than blood plasma. This pulls fluid from cells into the intravascular space, causing cell shrinkage and increasing blood volume.

C. Fluid will be pushed out of the bloodstream into extravascular spaces. This describes a hypotonic solution’s effect.

D. Fluid will be pulled out of the bloodstream into the cells. This describes an isotonic or hypotonic effect.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Oliguria: Reduced urine output (oliguria) can indicate acute rejection due to decreased renal function. Other signs include fever, hypertension, graft tenderness, and swelling.

B. Temperature 36.1° C (97.0° F): Rejection often causes fever, not a low temperature.

C. Weight loss: Weight gain (fluid retention) is more common with rejection.

D. Insomnia: Insomnia is not a direct sign of rejection.

A. Administer scheduled medications B. Explain that dialysis occurs via the peritoneum C. Weigh the client to determine a baseline for comparison D. Obtain a serum creatinine to determine kidney function

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Administer scheduled medications: Some medications (e.g., antihypertensives, water-soluble vitamins, and antibiotics) should be held before dialysis to prevent removal during treatment.

B. Explain that dialysis occurs via the peritoneum: This describes peritoneal dialysis, not hemodialysis.

C. Weigh the client to determine a baseline for comparison: Pre-dialysis weight is crucial to determine fluid removal needs during dialysis. Weight differences before and after dialysis indicate fluid loss or retention.

D. Obtain a serum creatinine to determine kidney function: Serum creatinine levels are monitored regularly but are not a required step before every dialysis session.

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What happens when a hypertonic IV solution is administered to a client?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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