What are the earliest recognizable clinical manifestations of cystic fibrosis (CF)?
Meconium ileus.
Foul-smelling, frothy, greasy stools.
History of poor intestinal absorption.
Recurrent pneumonia and lung infections.
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is choice A. Meconium ileus.
Choice A rationale:
Meconium ileus. This is the earliest recognizable clinical manifestation of cystic fibrosis (CF). Meconium ileus refers to the blockage of the small intestine by thick, sticky meconium, the earliest stool of a newborn. It occurs in the first 24-48 hours of life and can be a sign of underlying cystic fibrosis.
Choice B rationale:
Foul-smelling, frothy, greasy stools. Foul-smelling, frothy, greasy stools are characteristic of malabsorption, which can occur in cystic fibrosis. However, this manifestation typically appears after meconium ileus and is not the earliest recognizable clinical sign.
Choice C rationale:
History of poor intestinal absorption. While poor intestinal absorption is a common consequence of cystic fibrosis, it is not one of the earliest recognizable clinical manifestations. Meconium ileus takes precedence as the primary early sign.
Choice D rationale:
Recurrent pneumonia and lung infections. Recurrent pneumonia and lung infections are common in later stages of cystic fibrosis due to the buildup of thick mucus in the respiratory tract. However, they are not among the earliest recognizable clinical manifestations of the disease. Meconium ileus is the earliest indicator in this context.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C. They may lie to meet expectations set by others that they have been unable to attain.
Choice A rationale:
Lying resulting from the inability to distinguish between fact and fantasy is more characteristic of younger children and might not be as applicable to the 8 to 10-year-old age group.
Choice B rationale:
While cheating during games might be a behavior observed in children, it doesn't specifically address the characteristic of dishonesty outlined in the question for this age group.
Choice C rationale:
Children aged 8 to 10 years may lie to meet expectations set by others that they have been unable to attain. This is a manifestation of social pressure and the desire to avoid disappointing others or facing consequences for not meeting perceived expectations.
Choice D rationale:
Stealing due to a limited sense of property rights might apply more to younger children who are still developing their understanding of ownership and boundaries.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
The correct answer is choice B: Lesions may extend to hairline or neck.
Choice A rationale:
Central clearing is not a prominent indicator of Tinea capitis. Tinea capitis is a fungal infection of the scalp and hair shafts, commonly caused by dermatophytes like Trichophyton species. The characteristic features include scaling, erythema, pustules, and hair loss. Unlike some other fungal infections, Tinea capitis does not typically have central clearing.
Choice B rationale:
Lesions extending to the hairline or neck is a correct aspect to include in education about Tinea capitis. The infection usually starts as small, scaly patches on the scalp and can progress to larger areas. It can extend to the hairline, neck, and even eyebrows and eyelashes. This is important information to convey to ensure proper recognition and timely treatment.
Choice C rationale:
Transmission of Tinea capitis mostly occurs from human-to-human rather than from dogs. While some animals can carry fungal infections that affect the skin, Tinea capitis is primarily spread through direct contact with an infected person or contaminated objects like combs, hats, and pillows.
Choice D rationale:
The appearance of Tinea capitis is not usually unilateral. This condition often presents with multiple, scattered areas of involvement on the scalp. It can cause varying degrees of inflammation, scaling, and hair loss in different areas, which may not follow a unilateral pattern.
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