The purpose of surfactant is to?
Provide a heat source for the newborn.
Assist the alveoli to remain open.
Assist the ductus arteriosus to remain open.
Provide energy to the newborn.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Providing a heat source for the newborn is not the purpose of surfactant. Surfactant is a substance produced in the lungs to reduce surface tension and prevent alveolar collapse during expiration. It helps with the exchange of gases, but it does not generate heat.
Choice B rationale:
This is the correct answer. Surfactant plays a crucial role in assisting the alveoli to remain open by reducing surface tension. This, in turn, allows for proper gas exchange, especially of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Choice C rationale:
Assisting the ductus arteriosus to remain open is not the purpose of surfactant. The ductus arteriosus is a fetal blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta, bypassing the lungs. After birth, it should close on its own, and surfactant does not influence this process.
Choice D rationale:
Providing energy to the newborn is not the purpose of surfactant. Energy for the newborn comes from nutrition, particularly breast milk or formula, and not from surfactant
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A: Warm the bottle in the microwave.
- Rationale: Warming bottles in the microwave is not recommended. Microwaving can cause uneven heating, creating hot spots in the milk or formula that can burn the baby's mouth. Instead, bottles should be warmed by placing them in a container of warm water or using a bottle warmer.
Choice B: Store prepared bottles in the refrigerator.
- Correct
- Rationale: Prepared bottles of formula should be stored in the refrigerator to prevent bacterial growth. Formula should be used within 24 hours of preparation when properly stored in the refrigerator.
Choice C: Discard unused formula in used bottle after 2 hours.
- Correct
- Rationale: Any unused formula that has been in contact with the baby’s mouth should be discarded after 2 hours due to the risk of bacterial contamination. Bacteria from the baby's saliva can grow in the leftover formula.
Choice D: Never prop a bottle.
- Correct
- Rationale: Bottles should never be propped up and left in the baby’s mouth. This practice increases the risk of choking, ear infections, and tooth decay. Caregivers should always hold the bottle and the baby during feedings.
Choice E: Formula is available in three forms.
- Correct
- Rationale: Formula is available in three forms: powdered, concentrated liquid, and ready-to-feed. Parents should be informed of these options so they can choose the most convenient or appropriate form based on their needs.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
(Incorrect) The newborn with significant bruising from a face presentation is at an increased risk of elevated unconjugated bilirubin levels. Bruising can lead to the breakdown of red blood cells, increasing bilirubin production.
Choice B rationale:
(Incorrect) The premature newborn is at a higher risk of elevated unconjugated bilirubin levels. Premature infants often have an underdeveloped liver, which can lead to reduced bilirubin processing and clearance.
Choice C rationale:
(Correct) The baby born at 41 weeks' gestation is at the lowest risk for elevated unconjugated bilirubin levels. By this stage, the baby's liver is more mature, allowing for efficient processing and clearance of bilirubin.
Choice D rationale:
(Incorrect) The newborn with O+ blood type, born to a mother with O- blood type, is at an increased risk of elevated unconjugated bilirubin levels if the baby's blood type is Rh-positive and the mother's is Rh-negative. This situation can lead to Rh incompatibility and hemolytic disease of the newborn, causing higher bilirubin levels.
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