The purpose of surfactant is to?
Provide a heat source for the newborn.
Assist the alveoli to remain open.
Assist the ductus arteriosus to remain open.
Provide energy to the newborn.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Providing a heat source for the newborn is not the purpose of surfactant. Surfactant is a substance produced in the lungs to reduce surface tension and prevent alveolar collapse during expiration. It helps with the exchange of gases, but it does not generate heat.
Choice B rationale:
This is the correct answer. Surfactant plays a crucial role in assisting the alveoli to remain open by reducing surface tension. This, in turn, allows for proper gas exchange, especially of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Choice C rationale:
Assisting the ductus arteriosus to remain open is not the purpose of surfactant. The ductus arteriosus is a fetal blood vessel that connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta, bypassing the lungs. After birth, it should close on its own, and surfactant does not influence this process.
Choice D rationale:
Providing energy to the newborn is not the purpose of surfactant. Energy for the newborn comes from nutrition, particularly breast milk or formula, and not from surfactant
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rooting. Choice A rationale:
The Moro reflex is a startle reflex characterized by the infant's sudden extension and abduction of the arms in response to a loud noise or sudden movement. It is not involved in the initiation of sucking and is unrelated to breastfeeding.
Choice B rationale:
The rooting reflex is a crucial reflex that helps initiate sucking in newborns. When the infant's cheek is stroked or touched, they will turn their head toward the stimulus and open their mouth, preparing for feeding. This reflex helps the infant find the mother's nipple and begin breastfeeding effectively.
Choice C rationale:
The stepping reflex is a primitive reflex observed in newborns when held upright with their feet touching a solid surface. The baby will make stepping movements, mimicking walking. However, this reflex is not related to the initiation of sucking and breastfeeding.
Choice D rationale:
The Babinski reflex is a reflex in which the big toe extends upward and the other toes fan out when the sole of the foot is stimulated. This reflex is present in newborns and disappears as the child grows older. It is not involved in the initiation of sucking.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A blood glucose fingerstick of 40 mg/dL for an infant who is 1- hour old.
Choice A rationale:
This finding should be notified to the charge nurse immediately because a blood glucose level of 40 mg/dL in a 1-hour-old infant is significantly lower than the normal range. Hypoglycemia in newborns can lead to serious complications, including neurological issues. Normal blood glucose levels in newborns are typically around 45-90 mg/dL.
Choice B rationale:
A hematocrit of 60% in an 8-hour-old infant may be considered relatively high, but this is a normal finding in newborns. Hematocrit levels can be higher in neonates due to their unique physiological adaptation to extrauterine life.
Choice C rationale:
Jaundice in a 4-hour-old infant is a common occurrence and is not typically a cause for immediate concern. Physiological jaundice often appears after 24 hours of birth and resolves on its own.
Choice D rationale:
Acrocyanosis, bluish discoloration of the hands and feet, is a normal finding in newborns and is not considered a cause for concern. It occurs due to the immature peripheral circulation and typically resolves within a few days.
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