The nurse working in an ophthalmology clinic is preparing to assess a patient's near vision. Which piece of equipment would the nurse use for this assessment?

Ophthalmoscope

Snellen Chart

Magazine

Penlight

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A Reason:
An ophthalmoscope is primarily used for examining the interior structures of the eye, such as the retina, and is not typically used for assessing near vision. It provides a view of the fundus of the eye, which is essential for diagnosing various eye conditions but does not directly assess a patient's reading or close-up vision.

Choice B Reason:
The Snellen Chart is traditionally used to measure distance visual acuity and would not be the first choice for assessing near vision. However, there are versions of the Snellen Chart or similar charts designed for near vision assessment, typically held at a reading distance of about 14 inches from the patient. These charts have rows of letters or symbols that decrease in size and are used to determine the smallest print size a person can read.

Choice C Reason:
A magazine can be a practical tool for assessing near vision informally, as it contains various sizes of print and is a good representation of everyday reading material. The nurse can ask the patient to read a specific paragraph to observe their ability to see and comprehend text at a close distance.

Choice D Reason:
A penlight is not used for assessing near vision. It is typically used to assess the pupillary light reflex or to illuminate specific areas of the eye during an examination. The penlight helps to evaluate the response of the pupils to light but does not measure the patient's ability to read or see objects up close.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice a reason:
Bronchovesicular sounds are normal breath sounds heard over the main bronchus area and over the upper right posterior lung field. They have a medium pitch and intensity and are heard on both inspiration and expiration. Bronchovesicular sounds do not involve the change of vowel sounds during auscultation.

Choice b reason:
Bronchophony is the term used when the voice sounds are more clear and louder over the chest wall, usually indicating lung consolidation. However, it does not specifically refer to the change of vowel sounds from "ee" to "ay."

Choice c reason:
Normal voice resonance is when voice sounds heard through auscultation are muffled and indistinct. It does not involve a clear change in vowel sounds, which is what occurs with egophony.

Choice d reason:
Egophony is characterized by the change of the "ee" vowel sound to a nasal "ay" or "a" sound when auscultating the lungs. This phenomenon typically suggests lung consolidation, as might be seen with pneumonia.

A. Educational Prevention B. Tertiary Prevention C. Secondary Prevention D. Primary Prevention

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice a reason:
Educational Prevention is not a recognized level of prevention in healthcare. While education is a key component in all levels of prevention, it is not a standalone category. Education is typically included in primary prevention as it involves informing the public about health practices to prevent the onset of disease.

Choice b reason:
Tertiary Prevention is the level of prevention that aims to manage and treat an existing disease to prevent further complications or deterioration. In the case of immobile stroke patients, tertiary prevention would involve measures to prevent skin breakdown and other complications associated with immobility and the stroke's long-term effects.

Choice c reason:
Secondary Prevention involves early detection and prompt intervention to prevent the progression of a disease. For stroke patients, secondary prevention might include monitoring for signs of skin breakdown so that early treatment can be initiated. However, the scenario described focuses on managing an existing condition rather than early detection.

Choice d reason:
Primary Prevention aims to prevent the disease or injury before it occurs. This would involve strategies to prevent strokes in the first place, such as controlling high blood pressure or encouraging healthy lifestyle changes. It does not directly relate to the prevention of skin breakdown in patients who have already had a stroke.

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The nurse working in an ophthalmology clinic is preparing to assess a patient's near vision. Which piece of equipment would the nurse use for this assessment?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is performing a respiratory system physical examination. To assess the resonance of voice sounds heard during auscultation of the lungs, the nurse instructs the patient to say "ee," and if the sound is heard as "ay," this is known as:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse educator is presenting at a continuing education seminar for nurses. As part of his presentation, he is emphasizing the prevention of skin breakdown in immobile patients who have suffered from a stroke. The level of prevention being discussed by the nurse educator is:

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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