The nurse suspects that a patient who underwent esophageal surgery has a misplaced jejunostomy feeding tube. Which action would the nurse take?

Choice A reason: Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver and does not directly cause biliary sludge. It can lead to liver damage and other complications, but not specifically biliary sludge.
Choice B reason: Bile stasis, or the stagnation of bile, leads to the formation of biliary sludge. When bile does not flow properly, it can thicken and form sludge, which consists of bile salts, cholesterol, and other substances.
Choice C reason: Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, typically due to liver disease, and does not cause biliary sludge.
Choice D reason: Biliary colic is pain caused by the obstruction of the bile ducts, often by gallstones, but it does not itself cause the formation of biliary sludge. Sludge can lead to biliary colic if it obstructs the bile ducts, but it is not a causative condition.

Choice A reason: Oliguria is defined as a significantly reduced urine output, typically less than 400-500 ml per day in adults. A urinary output of 350 ml/day falls well below this threshold, indicating a condition of oliguria. This reduced output can be a sign of underlying issues such as dehydration, renal failure, or urinary tract obstructions. It is essential for healthcare providers to identify and address the cause of oliguria to prevent further complications.
Choice B reason: A urinary output of 450 ml/day is also indicative of oliguria but is closer to the higher end of the threshold for this condition. However, the specified definition usually considers less than 400 ml/day as oliguria, making 350 ml/day a more definitive example. While 450 ml/day is still reduced and warrants attention, it is slightly above the typical clinical cutoff for oliguria.
Choice C reason: A urinary output of 550 ml/day is above the typical threshold for oliguria. It indicates reduced urine output but does not meet the clinical definition of oliguria. Such output may still require monitoring, but it does not classify as oliguria, which is generally defined as less than 400-500 ml per day.
Choice D reason: A urinary output of 650 ml/day is well above the threshold for oliguria. This output is closer to normal daily urine output, which typically ranges from 800 to 2000 ml/day, depending on fluid intake and other factors. Therefore, it does not indicate oliguria and would be considered within normal limits or slightly reduced, depending on the clinical context.