The nurse notes that a child has lost 8 pounds after 4 days of hospitalization for acute glomerulonephritis. What is most likely the cause of the weight loss?

Poor appetite

Restriction to bed rest

Increased Potassium intake

Reduction of edema

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Weight loss in a child with acute glomerulonephritis is often due to a reduction in edema (fluid retention and swelling). Acute glomerulonephritis can lead to significant edema, as the kidneys may not effectively filter excess fluid and waste products from the body. During hospitalization and treatment, interventions such as diuretics and improved kidney function may result in the gradual removal of excess fluid, leading to a decrease in edema and overall body weight.

The other options are less likely to be the primary cause of the weight loss:

A. Poor appetite: While acute glomerulonephritis can affect appetite, especially due to nausea or other symptoms, it is not typically the primary reason for significant weight loss over a short period.

B. Restriction to bed rest: While being on bed rest can lead to muscle atrophy and loss of lean body mass over an extended period, it is unlikely to result in an 8-pound weight loss in just 4 days unless there are additional factors at play.

C. Increased potassium intake: Increased potassium intake alone would not be a primary cause of significant weight loss. High potassium levels in the blood (hyperkalemia) can occur in kidney disease, but it is not typically associated with rapid weight loss.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Assessing pulses is a critical step immediately after a cardiac catheterization procedure because it helps determine the adequacy of blood flow to the extremities and any potential vascular complications. Cardiac catheterization involves the insertion of a catheter through blood vessels, which can temporarily affect blood flow. Checking pulses in the affected limb (e.g., the leg or arm where the catheter was inserted) is essential to detect any signs of vascular compromises, such as decreased or absent pulses, which could indicate complications like arterial thrombosis or embolism. Prompt recognition of such issues is crucial for timely intervention to prevent potential complications or limb damage.

The other options are also important but should be addressed after the initial assessment of pulses:
A. Pain: Assessing pain is important, but it should come after checking pulses. If the child reports pain, it could indicate discomfort or complications related to the procedure, which may require further evaluation and intervention.
C. Catheterization report: Reviewing the catheterization report is necessary for a comprehensive understanding of the procedure and its findings, but it is not the immediate priority when assessing the child's post-procedure condition.
D. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels: Checking hemoglobin and hematocrit levels is important to monitor for potential bleeding complications that may occur during or after the procedure, but it is a secondary assessment compared to evaluating pulses. If there are significant changes in these levels, they may require further investigation and intervention.

In summary, assessing pulses is the initial priority after a cardiac catheterization procedure in order to promptly identify any vascular issues or complications that need immediate attention.

A. Proteinuria B. ESR-14 mm/hr (Normal: Children<10 mm/hr) C. Weight gain of 2 kg since last well visit D. Hemoglobin- 13.8 (Normal: children 11.2 to 14.5 g/dl) E. Temperature – 102.5°F

Correct Answer is E

Explanation

Infective endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves. One of the hallmark signs of infective endocarditis is fever, often accompanied by other symptoms such as fatigue, chills, and joint pain. A persistent fever in a child, especially when associated with other signs or symptoms like new heart murmurs or petechiae (small red or purple spots on the skin), can be concerning for infective endocarditis.

The other symptoms and findings listed (proteinuria, ESR, weight gain, hemoglobin levels) are not specific to infective endocarditis and may have other potential causes or interpretations. It is important to consider a comprehensive clinical evaluation and laboratory tests when assessing a child with suspected infective endocarditis.

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The nurse notes that a child has lost 8 pounds after 4 days of hospitalization for acute glomerulonephritis. What is most likely the cause of the weight loss?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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