The nurse monitors for which clinical manifestation of metastasis to the liver in the patient diagnosed with esophageal cancer?

Dysphagia

Jaundice

Emesis

Hypercalcemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Dysphagia is a common symptom of esophageal cancer itself, not necessarily a sign of liver metastasis. Dysphagia occurs due to the tumor obstructing the esophagus.

B. Jaundice, characterized by a yellowing of the skin and sclera, can indicate liver dysfunction or metastasis to the liver. When cancer spreads to the liver, it can disrupt its normal functioning, leading to an accumulation of bilirubin in the body, causing jaundice.

C. Vomiting can occur in esophageal cancer due to obstruction or in advanced stages of the disease, but it is not a direct sign of metastasis to the liver.

D. Hypercalcemia can occur in some cancers, but it is not a typical manifestation of liver metastasis from esophageal cancer. It is more commonly seen in cancers such as breast, lung, or multiple myeloma.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. While monitoring for dysrhythmias is important for certain cardiovascular conditions, it is not the primary concern for an AAA. The management of blood pressure and preventing rupture are higher priorities.

B. While blood clots can be a concern in some cardiovascular conditions, thrombus formation is not a primary concern with AAA management unless other risk factors (such as venous stasis or atrial fibrillation) are present.

C. Monitoring for bleeding would be more relevant if the aneurysm were large or there were signs of rupture, but for a small AAA, the primary concern is managing blood pressure and preventing further enlargement. Bleeding monitoring is more critical in cases of rupture or larger aneurysms.

D. Antihypertensive medications are crucial for controlling blood pressure and preventing further stress on the aneurysm. Adherence to these medications is essential in managing the condition medically to reduce the risk of rupture or further enlargement of the aneurysm.

A. using waxed dental floss B. using an alcohol based mouthwash C. soaking dentures in hydrogen peroxide D. using a soft or bristled toothbrush

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Waxed dental floss is generally safe for most patients, including those receiving chemotherapy. It is important to be gentle when flossing to avoid injuring sensitive gums, which may be more prone to bleeding during chemotherapy due to reduced platelet count.

B. Alcohol-based mouthwashes should be avoided during chemotherapy because they can cause dryness and irritation to the mucous membranes in the mouth, which are already sensitive due to the side effects of chemotherapy. Alcohol can exacerbate mucositis (inflammation of the mucous lining) and increase discomfort.

C. Soaking dentures in hydrogen peroxide is generally safe for denture care, as hydrogen peroxide can be used to disinfect dentures. However, it is important to ensure that dentures are thoroughly rinsed after soaking to avoid irritation to the mouth.

D. Using a soft-bristled toothbrush is safe and recommended. A soft-bristled toothbrush is ideal for patients receiving chemotherapy, as their gums and mouth may become more sensitive. Brushing gently can help maintain oral hygiene without causing injury.

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The nurse monitors for which clinical manifestation of metastasis to the liver in the patient diagnosed with esophageal cancer?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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