The nurse is working in an outpatient clinic. The clinic has been alerted that there is an outbreak of tuberculosis (TB). Which of the following clients entering the clinic today are most likely to have TB?

A 33-year-old daycare worker at a high-risk center.

A 54-year-old nurse working in a nursing home.

A 16-year-old female high school student.

A 43-year-old homeless man with a history of alcoholism.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   While daycare workers can be at risk for various infections, they are not typically considered at high risk for TB unless they are in close contact with TB-positive individuals. Therefore, this option does not present the highest likelihood of TB.
B.   This individual is at a moderate risk for TB, especially if they are caring for patients with known TB or are in an environment where TB may be more prevalent. However, nursing homes are more often associated with other infections rather than being primary sources for TB outbreaks.
C.   High school students are generally not at high risk for TB unless they have specific exposure or travel history. Without additional risk factors, this group does not exhibit a high likelihood of TB.
D.   This option represents the highest likelihood of TB. Homeless individuals are at increased risk for TB due to factors such as crowded living conditions, poor nutrition, and lack of access to healthcare.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. This level indicates average blood glucose over the past 2-3 months and is higher than the target range (usually under 7% for many patients with diabetes). While this result suggests the need for adjustments in management, it is not an immediate emergency.
B. A random plasma glucose level of 205 mg/dL indicates hyperglycemia, but it is not typically considered an immediate danger unless accompanied by symptoms of hyperglycemia. This level would warrant further monitoring and possibly an adjustment in treatment, but it doesn't require urgent intervention.
C. A blood glucose level of 45 mg/dL indicates hypoglycemia, which is a critical condition that requires immediate action. Hypoglycemia can lead to symptoms such as confusion, seizures, or loss of consciousness, and it must be addressed quickly, usually with fast-acting carbohydrates.
D. While a fasting blood glucose level of 300 mg/dL indicates significant hyperglycemia, it does not require immediate action like hypoglycemia does. This level indicates a need for further management but is not acutely dangerous compared to a severely low blood glucose level.

A. Diarrhea B. Nausea and vomiting C. Incisional pain D. Paralytic ileus

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Ondansetron is not indicated for treating diarrhea. While nausea can accompany diarrhea, ondansetron specifically targets nausea and vomiting rather than the underlying causes of diarrhea.
B. Ondansetron is primarily used to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting, particularly those associated with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and postoperative recovery. If a patient is experiencing nausea and vomiting, ondansetron would be the appropriate medication to administer.
C. Ondansetron is not indicated for managing pain. Incisional pain is typically treated with analgesics, not antiemetics. While postoperative patients may experience nausea, ondansetron would not be used solely for pain relief.
D. Paralytic ileus is a condition characterized by the lack of movement in the intestines, leading to a blockage. While nausea and vomiting can occur in this condition, ondansetron is not a treatment for the underlying issue of ileus. The focus would be on managing the ileus and any complications that arise.

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The nurse is working in an outpatient clinic. The clinic has been alerted that there is an outbreak of tuberculosis (TB). Which of the following clients entering the clinic today are most likely to have TB?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which test results require the most immediate action by the nurse?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A patient has an as needed prescription for ondansetron. For which condition would the nurse administer this medication?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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