The nurse is teaching a group of staff nurses about myocarditis. What would the nurse identify as being potential risk factors for this condition? Select All That Apply

Pharmacological toxins

Pleural infusion

Autoimmune disorders

Viral infections

Peripheral vascular disease

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D

A. Pharmacological toxins can contribute to myocarditis, as certain drugs may induce inflammatory responses in the myocardium.

B. Pleural infusion is incorrect. Pleural infusion, or pleural effusion, is not directly associated with myocarditis.

C. Autoimmune disorders such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis can predispose individuals to myocarditis due to immune system dysregulation.

D. Viral infections are a major cause of myocarditis, particularly infections like coxsackievirus, parvovirus B19, and HIV.

E. Peripheral vascular disease is incorrect. While peripheral vascular disease is related to poor circulation, it does not directly contribute to the development of myocarditis.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Urine glucose, high: High urine glucose would suggest hyperglycemia, typically seen in diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus.

B. Urine specific gravity, 1.001: Diabetes insipidus results in excessive urine output with a low specific gravity (dilute urine), reflecting the inability to concentrate urine.

C. Urine output, 50 ml/hr: This is a relatively low urine output, which does not indicate diabetes insipidus. Diabetes insipidus is characterized by very high urine output, often greater than 3 liters per day.

D. Urine protein, high: High urine protein could suggest kidney disease or glomerular injury, not diabetes insipidus.

A. A patient with second-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, type 1. rate 60, who is dizzy when ambulating B. A patient who is in a sinus rhythm, rate 98 and regular, recovering from an elective cardioversion 2 hours ago C. A patient with atrial fibrillation, rate 88 and irregular, who has a dose of warfarin (Coumadin) due D. A patient whose implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) fired twice today and has a dose of amiodarone (Cordarone) due.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A patient with second-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, type 1, rate 60, who is dizzy when ambulating. While dizziness may be a concern, second-degree AV block type 1 (Wenckebach) typically resolves without immediate intervention.

B. A patient who is in a sinus rhythm, rate 98 and regular, recovering from an elective cardioversion 2 hours ago. This patient is stable, and recovery from cardioversion typically involves monitoring, but the patient does not require immediate intervention.

C. A patient with atrial fibrillation, rate 88 and irregular, who has a dose of warfarin (Coumadin) due. The patient is stable, and the dose of warfarin can be administered after assessing the patient’s overall condition, making it a lower priority.

D. A patient whose implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) fired twice today and has a dose of amiodarone (Cordarone) due: The patient whose ICD fired twice is at high risk for life-threatening arrhythmias, and this situation requires immediate evaluation and intervention. The nurse should assess the patient first, and the dose of amiodarone may be administered to manage any underlying arrhythmias.

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The nurse is teaching a group of staff nurses about myocarditis. What would the nurse identify as being potential risk factors for this condition? Select All That Apply

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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