The nurse is taking a health history on an adolescent. Which best describes how the chief complaint should be determined?

Answer is: d. Apply direct pressure above the catheterization site.

Explanation: The first action should be to apply direct pressure above the catheterization site to help control the bleeding and minimize blood loss. This will also give the nurse time to prepare additional interventions or supplies if necessary.

Choice a. is wrong because placing the child in the Trendelenburg position is not an appropriate initial nursing action in this scenario. This position can increase intracranial pressure and is typically used for patients experiencing shock or hypotension.

Choice b. is wrong because applying a new bandage with more pressure might be a subsequent action, but the priority is to apply direct pressure to slow down the bleeding.

Choice c. is wrong because notifying the physician is important, but the nurse should first take immediate action to control the bleeding and minimize potential harm to the patient.

The correct answer is choice A, E.

Choice A rationale:

Using an air conditioner is an effective way to reduce exposure to pollens and dust. Air conditioners filter the air and help prevent outdoor allergens from entering the indoor environment. This choice is correct because it addresses one of the primary sources of exposure to allergens.

Choice B rationale:

Keeping humidity in the house above 60% is not a recommended approach. High humidity can promote the growth of mold and dust mites, which can exacerbate allergies. Maintaining humidity levels between 30-50% is generally recommended for reducing allergen exposure.

Choice C rationale:

Keeping pets outside might seem like a logical option to reduce allergen exposure; however, pet allergens can still be carried indoors on clothing and shoes. Moreover, if individuals are not allergic to pet dander, keeping the pets inside may not pose an issue.

Choice D rationale:

Replacing wall-to-wall carpeting with wood and tile floors is a good strategy for reducing allergen exposure. Carpets can trap dust, pollen, and other allergens, while hard surfaces are easier to clean and do not accumulate allergens as readily. This choice is correct because it addresses a common source of indoor allergens.

Choice E rationale:

Putting dust-proof covers on pillows and mattresses is another effective strategy for reducing allergen exposure. These covers create a barrier that prevents dust mites and their allergens from permeating the sleeping environment. This choice is correct because it directly addresses the issue of dust mite allergens.