The nurse is taking a health history for a patient who is ill in the emergency room. The patient states that he has not been around anyone that has been sick lately. The nurse suspects the patient likely contracted the illness by indirect transmission. Which is an example of this type of transmission?
Utilizing a friend's computer keyboard.
Talking directly to someone coughing.
Standing next to a person with a varicella (chickenpox) infection.
Walking past an individual coughing and sneezing.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Utilizing a friend's computer keyboard: Indirect transmission occurs when pathogens are transmitted via inanimate objects, such as keyboards, doorknobs, or utensils. If the friend's computer keyboard is contaminated with pathogens, the patient could contract an illness by touching it.
B. Talking directly to someone coughing: This is an example of direct transmission, where pathogens are transmitted through close contact with an infected person's respiratory secretions.
C. Standing next to a person with a varicella (chickenpox) infection: This is an example of direct transmission, as varicella is spread through respiratory droplets.
D. Walking past an individual coughing and sneezing: This is also an example of direct transmission, as respiratory droplets containing pathogens can land on the nurse and lead to infection if inhaled or touched.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B"]
Explanation
A. Wearing a protective gown is necessary when caring for a client with C. difficile to prevent the spread of spores and protect the nurse from contact with contaminated surfaces.
B. Placing the client in a private room helps to isolate the infection and prevent transmission to other patients, which is essential in managing C. difficile infections.
C. An N-95 respirator is not required for C. difficile as the primary mode of transmission is via the fecal-oral route, not through airborne particles.
D. A negative pressure room is used for airborne infections like tuberculosis, not for C. difficile. C. difficile requires contact precautions rather than airborne precautions.
E. A mask is not necessary for the client with C. difficile when leaving the room; instead, hand hygiene and proper gowning are essential for preventing the spread of the infection.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Potassium: Potassium levels are not typically used to diagnose infection. Elevated potassium levels may indicate other health conditions such as kidney dysfunction.
B. BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen): BUN levels assess kidney function and are not directly related to the presence of infection.
C. WBC count (White Blood Cell count): An elevation in the WBC count, specifically the neutrophil count (neutrophilia), is indicative of the body's response to infection or inflammation.
D. RBC count (Red Blood Cell count): RBC count is not typically used to diagnose infection.
Elevated RBC count may indicate conditions such as dehydration or polycythemia.
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