The nurse is reviewing a nutrition plan with a client newly diagnosed with hypertension. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet?
The consumption of dairy-based products should be eliminated from the diet.
The consumption of protein products should come from lean meats, nuts, and dried beans.
The consumption of bread products should be gluten-free.
The consumption of fruit and/or vegetables should total between 4 to 6 servings
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A
The consumption of dairy-based products should be eliminated from the diet. The statement is false Dairy products, especially low-fat or fat-free options, are included in the DASH diet as sources of calcium and other important nutrients. The DASH diet encourages moderation rather than elimination of dairy.
Choice B
The consumption of protein products should come from lean meats, nuts, and dried beans. The statement is correct. The DASH diet encourages including protein sources that are low in saturated fat and high in nutrients. Lean meats, nuts, and dried beans are examples of protein sources that fit this criterion.
Choice C
The consumption of bread products should be gluten-free. The statement is false The DASH diet does not specifically focus on gluten-free options. It emphasizes whole grains as a source of fibre, which is beneficial for heart health.
Choice D
The consumption of fruit and/or vegetables should total between 4 to 6 servings. The statement is false The DASH diet actually encourages a higher intake of fruits and vegetables, aiming for 8 to 10 servings per day. These foods are rich in potassium, magnesium, and fibre, which contribute to the diet's blood pressure-lowering effects.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A
Apples and blueberries are incorrect. While apples and blueberries are sources of nutrients, they are not as high in potassium as avocados and bananas.
Choice B
Avocados and bananas are correct. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) often requires dietary modifications to manage electrolyte and mineral imbalances. In CKD stage 4, the kidney's ability to filter waste and excess substances from the blood is significantly impaired. Therefore, certain foods that are high in potassium should be limited to prevent hyperkalaemia (elevated blood potassium levels).
Choice C
Cherries and cranberries are incorrect. Cherries and cranberries are also sources of nutrients, but their potassium content is not as high as that of avocados and bananas.
Choice D
Carrots and green beans are incorrect. Carrots and green beans are vegetables that are generally lower in potassium compared to fruits like avocados and bananas.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A
Serum HDL (high-density lipoprotein) of 35 mg/dL (0.91 mmol/L). Among the options provided, a serum HDL level of 35 mg/dL (0.91 mmol/L) is the assessment data that indicates the need for referral to a nutritionist. HDL is often referred to as "good" cholesterol because it helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream, reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. In this case, the HDL level of 35 mg/dL is below the recommended reference range for females (greater than 55 mg/dL or greater than 0.91 mmol/L), which could suggest a potential need for dietary and lifestyle interventions to improve cardiovascular health.
Choice B
Serum HbA1c (glycosylated haemoglobin) of 4.8% (0.05) is incorrect. This HbA1c level is within the normal reference range (4% to 5.9%) and indicates good blood sugar control.
Choice C
BMI (body mass index) of 22 kg/m² is incorrect. A BMI of 22 is within the normal weight range and might not necessarily indicate the need for a nutritionist referral.
Choice D
Total serum calcium of 10 mg/dL (2.5 mmol/L) is incorrect. This calcium level is within the normal reference range and might not require a nutritionist referral, unless there are other specific concerns related to calcium intake.
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