The nurse is involved in a health promotion program for teenagers related to the prevention of oral cancer. Which behaviors would the nurse explain as increasing the risk for oral cancer? Select all that apply.
Chewing gum
Chewing tobacco
Drinking carbonated beverages
Excessive consumption of red meats
Excessive drinking of alcohol
Correct Answer : B,E
Choice A reason: Chewing gum does not increase the risk of oral cancer. It is generally considered safe and may even promote oral health by stimulating saliva production.
Choice B reason: Chewing tobacco is a significant risk factor for oral cancer. The harmful chemicals in tobacco can damage the cells in the mouth and lead to cancerous changes.
Choice C reason: Drinking carbonated beverages is not linked to an increased risk of oral cancer. However, excessive consumption might contribute to other health issues such as dental erosion and gastrointestinal discomfort.
Choice D reason: Excessive consumption of red meats is more closely associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer rather than oral cancer. While a balanced diet is important, red meat is not a primary risk factor for oral cancer.
Choice E reason: Excessive drinking of alcohol is a known risk factor for oral cancer. Alcohol can irritate the cells in the mouth and increase the likelihood of developing cancerous lesions, especially when combined with tobacco use.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Increasing the intake of raw vegetables is not typically recommended immediately after colostomy surgery due to the potential for causing gas and irritation in the bowel. A more balanced diet should be gradually introduced.
Choice B reason: It is common to experience a small amount of bleeding around the stoma initially as it heals. This is normal and should subside as the healing process continues.
Choice C reason: Fecal output usually begins within 2-4 days after surgery, not necessarily within 24 hours. The bowel needs time to adjust and start functioning properly after the operation.
Choice D reason: The stoma should be pink to red and moist, indicating healthy tissue. A purplish color may indicate compromised blood flow and requires immediate medical attention.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Dehydration can cause muscle cramping, but it is not the most specific indicator of acute pancreatitis. The focus in this condition is more on electrolyte imbalances and systemic effects.
Choice B reason: Hypermagnesemia, or elevated magnesium levels, can lead to muscle weakness rather than cramping. It is not a common symptom of acute pancreatitis.
Choice C reason: Hypocalcemia, or low calcium levels, is a typical sign of acute pancreatitis and can cause muscle cramping and spasms. The inflammation of the pancreas can lead to the sequestration of calcium in fatty areas, resulting in low serum calcium levels.
Choice D reason: Hyperkalemia, or elevated potassium levels, can cause muscle weakness and cardiac issues but is not specifically associated with muscle cramping in acute pancreatitis.
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