The nurse is discussing feeding with parents of a 1-year-old. Important teaching points should include:

Do not let the child feed herself finger foods as this could lead to aspiration.

Give whole milk until the child is 2 years old.

Do not introduce foods which may cause allergies until 2 years of age.

Transition to 1% milk now to ensure a heart healthy diet.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: This statement is incorrect, as letting the child feed herself finger foods is not a risk factor for aspiration, but a way to promote self-feeding skills, independence, and appetite. The nurse should encourage the parents to offer the child a variety of soft, bite-sized, and nutritious foods, such as cooked vegetables, fruits, cheese, or bread, and to supervise the child during meals.

Choice B reason: This statement is correct, as giving whole milk is recommended for children between 1 and 2 years old, as it provides adequate fat, protein, calcium, and vitamin D for their growth and development. The nurse should advise the parents to give the child about 16 to 24 ounces of whole milk per day, and to avoid low-fat or skim milk until the child is 2 years old.

Choice C reason: This statement is incorrect, as delaying the introduction of foods which may cause allergies is not necessary or beneficial for the prevention of food allergies in children. The nurse should inform the parents that there is no evidence that avoiding certain foods, such as eggs, peanuts, or fish, can reduce the risk of food allergies, and that introducing these foods early, around 6 months of age, may actually prevent or reduce the severity of food allergies.

Choice D reason: This statement is incorrect, as transitioning to 1% milk is not advisable for children under 2 years old, as it does not provide enough fat and calories for their growth and development. The nurse should explain to the parents that low-fat or skim milk is not suitable for young children, as they need more fat for their brain and nervous system development, and that switching to 1% milk should only be done after consulting with the doctor.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Chromosomal mutation is not the cause of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. The exact cause is unknown, but it may be related to genetic, environmental, or hormonal factors.

Choice B reason: Slow feeding will not be sufficient to manage hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. The infant will have persistent vomiting, dehydration, and weight loss due to the obstruction of the pylorus.

Choice C reason: Dietary restrictions will not be effective for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. The infant will not be able to tolerate any oral intake until the pylorus is surgically corrected.

Choice D reason: Surgery will be necessary to treat hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. The surgery is called pyloromyotomy, which involves cutting the thickened muscle of the pylorus to allow the stomach to empty into the duodenum.

A. True B. False

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: This statement is correct, as hydrostatic reduction of telescoped bowel with an air or saline enema is the preferred treatment for intussusception, which is a condition where a segment of the intestine slides into another segment, causing obstruction, inflammation, and ischemia. The enema can help to push the invaginated bowel back to its normal position, relieve the obstruction, and restore the blood flow. The procedure is safe, effective, and minimally invasive, and can avoid the need for surgery.

Choice B reason: This statement is incorrect, as hydrostatic reduction of telescoped bowel with an air or saline enema is not a false statement, but a true one. The nurse should be aware of the indications, contraindications, and complications of this procedure, and monitor the child's vital signs, abdominal distension, bowel sounds, and stool output before, during, and after the enema. The nurse should also educate the parents about the signs and symptoms of recurrence, such as abdominal pain, vomiting, or bloody stools.

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The nurse is discussing feeding with parents of a 1-year-old. Important teaching points should include:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The mother of an infant with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis asks the nurse many questions about the problem. When answering these questions, the nurse should convey the idea that:

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The treatment of choice in a child with intussusception who is not showing signs of sepsis or shock is hydrostatic reduction of telescoped bowel with an air or saline enema. True or False?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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