The nurse is caring for client who presented to the emergency department for chest pain. The nurse knows that which of the following laboratory tests is most specific for myocardial damage?

Troponins I & T

Creatine Kinase

C Reactive Protein

Myoglobin

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Troponins I & T:
Troponins I and T are the most specific biomarkers for myocardial damage. These proteins are released into the bloodstream when the heart muscle is injured, such as during a myocardial infarction (MI). Troponins remain elevated for a prolonged period (typically up to 1-2 weeks) after myocardial injury, making them highly sensitive for detecting both acute and recent myocardial damage. Because of their high specificity for heart muscle, they are considered the gold standard for diagnosing acute myocardial infarction.

B. Creatine Kinase:
Creatine kinase (CK) is an enzyme found in the heart, brain, and skeletal muscle. While CK-MB (the heart-specific isoenzyme) can be elevated in cases of myocardial damage, it is less specific than troponins because it can also be elevated due to skeletal muscle injury or other conditions. CK-MB levels rise more rapidly than troponins but return to baseline within 48-72 hours, making it less useful for detecting myocardial damage over a longer period.

C. C-Reactive Protein (CRP):
C-Reactive Protein (CRP) is an acute-phase reactant produced by the liver in response to inflammation or tissue injury. While CRP levels can be elevated in various inflammatory conditions, including atherosclerosis, it is not specific to myocardial damage. Elevated CRP is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular events but does not provide specific information about acute myocardial injury, making it less helpful for diagnosing myocardial infarction.

D. Myoglobin:
Myoglobin is an oxygen-binding protein found in both skeletal and cardiac muscle. While it is an early marker that rises rapidly after muscle injury, it lacks specificity for myocardial damage because it is also released from skeletal muscle. Myoglobin levels peak quickly (within 1-4 hours of injury) and return to baseline within 24 hours, so it is not as useful for diagnosing a myocardial infarction or monitoring long-term cardiac injury.

Nursing Test Bank

Quiz #1: RN Exams Pharmacology Exams Quiz #2: RN Exams Medical-Surgical Exams Quiz #3: RN Exams Fundamentals Exams Quiz #4: RN Exams Maternal-Newborn Exams Quiz #5: RN Exams Anatomy and Physiology Exams Quiz #6: RN Exams Obstetrics and Pediatrics Exams Quiz #7: RN Exams Fluid and Electrolytes Exams Quiz #8: RN Exams Community Health Exams Quiz #9: RN Exams Promoting Health across the lifespan Exams Quiz #10: RN Exams Multidimensional care Exams

Get 100+ Naxlex Exit Exams for $79 Try Naxlex NCLEX-RN (14 Day Free-Trial)

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Quiz #1: Naxlex RN Comprehensive online practice 2019 B with NGN Quiz #2: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Quiz #3: Naxlex RN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 Exit Exam A Quiz #4: Naxlex HESI Exit LPN Exam Quiz #5: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor PN 2020 Quiz #6: Naxlex VATI PN Comprehensive Predictor 2020 Quiz #8: Naxlex PN Comprehensive Predictor 2023 - Exam 1 Quiz #10: Naxlex HESI PN Exit exam Quiz #11: Naxlex HESI PN EXIT Exam 2

Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Apply an ice pack for pain:
While ice might help with pain and swelling in some cases, the client’s symptoms suggest a serious circulation problem, possibly compartment syndrome or vascular injury. These symptoms indicate the need for immediate intervention to restore blood flow, not just pain relief.

B) Loosen any constricting bandages or braces:
The client’s symptoms are highly suggestive of impaired circulation, which could be caused by compartment syndrome) or a vascular injury. Loosening any constricting bandages or braces is crucial to restoring circulation to the affected limb. Immediate action to relieve pressure is necessary to prevent permanent damage.

C) Document and continue to monitor:
Documenting and continuing to monitor without immediate action is inappropriate. The client’s symptoms represent a potential emergency, and delaying intervention could lead to irreversible damage to the limb. Immediate action is required to prevent complications like tissue necrosis or loss of limb function.

D) Elevate the extremity:
Elevating the extremity is not appropriate in this situation, as it may worsen circulation to the affected limb. Elevation could reduce venous return, further compromising blood flow to the area. Instead, immediate action to relieve pressure and improve circulation is the priority.

A. HD cholesterol 60 mg/di B. Total cholesterol 210 mg/at C. LDL cholesterol 110 me di D. Hgb A1C 5.3%

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) "HDL cholesterol 60 mg/dL":
This is not a risk factor. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is often referred to as "good cholesterol" because it helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream, lowering the risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. An HDL level of 60 mg/dL is considered protective against cardiovascular disease, as higher levels of HDL are associated with a lower risk of heart disease.

B) "Total cholesterol 210 mg/dL":
This is not a significant risk factor on its own. While total cholesterol above 200 mg/dL is a general indicator for cardiovascular risk, it is not as important as the breakdown of individual lipid components (HDL, LDL). A total cholesterol of 210 mg/dL is only slightly above the ideal less than 200 mg/dL, and on its own, it is not a strong indicator of increased cardiovascular risk without considering other factors like LDL and HDL levels.

C) "LDL cholesterol 110 mg/dL":
. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is known as "bad cholesterol" because it can lead to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, increasing the risk for atherosclerosis, heart disease, and stroke. An LDL level of 110 mg/dL is considered to be above optimal. For individuals at risk for cardiovascular disease, the target LDL cholesterol level is usually less than 100 mg/dL, and for those with high risk, it may be less than 70 mg/dL. Therefore, this level of LDL cholesterol places the client at increased risk for cardiovascular disease.

D) "Hgb A1C 5.3%":
This is not a risk factor. An Hgb A1C of 5.3% is within the normal range for glycemic control. The American Diabetes Association defines normal A1C as below 5.7%. A1C levels between 5.7% and 6.4% are considered pre-diabetes, and a level of 6.5% or higher indicates diabetes. A normal A1C level indicates no significant elevated blood glucose, which would be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

View Question and Answer

Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.

Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today

The nurse is caring for client who presented to the emergency department for chest pain. The nurse knows that which of the following laboratory tests is most specific for myocardial damage?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is evaluating a client for cardiovascular risk factors. Which laboratory result places the client at increased risk for cardiovascular disease?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse knows that all of the following are features of ulcerative colitis except?

The nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department who is experiencing facial droop and slurred speech orally. The physician ordered aspirin to be given orally. What should the nurse do?

A nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client who has seizures and a new prescription for phenytoin, which of following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

A nurse is preparing to administer dextromethorphan 30 mg PO. The amount available is dextromethorphan oral liquid 7.5 mg/5mL. How many should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero)

Before beginning a transfusion of packed red blood cells (PRBCs), which action by the nurse would be of highest priority to ensure patient safety?

A nurse is preparing a client for an electroencephalogram (EEG). When the client asks what the purpose of the procedure is, what is the nurse's best response?

The nurse recognizes which of the following as signs and symptoms of hyperglycemia type I diabetes mellitus? Select all that apply,

A nurse is caring for a client with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?