The nurse is caring for a post-surgical patient who was prescribed controlled substances classified schedule IV substances as:

having no currently accepted medical use and high potential for abuse

having a high potential for psychological or physical dependence

having a moderate potential for psychological or physical dependence

having a low potential for psychological or physical dependence

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Having no currently accepted medical use and high potential for abuse: Describes Schedule I drugs (e.g., heroin, LSD, ecstasy).

B. Having a high potential for psychological or physical dependence: Describes Schedule II drugs (e.g., morphine, oxycodone).

C. Having a moderate potential for psychological or physical dependence: Describes Schedule III drugs (e.g., codeine-containing medications).

D. Having a low potential for psychological or physical dependence: Schedule IV drugs (e.g., benzodiazepines like diazepam and tramadol) have a low potential for abuse and dependence compared to Schedule I-III substances.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Sodium 148: This represents mild hypernatremia, but sodium levels are not the primary concern for cardiac monitoring.

B. Potassium 3.1: This is hypokalemia (low potassium), not hyperkalemia.

C. Sodium 130: This represents hyponatremia, which can cause neurological symptoms, not hyperkalemia.

D. Potassium 5.7: Hyperkalemia is defined as K⁺ >5.0 mEq/L. Levels above 5.5 can cause dangerous cardiac dysrhythmias, requiring ECG monitoring.

A. HbA1C 5.9% B. Albumin 3.8 g/dl C. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 67 units/l D. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 39 units/l

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Here is the rationale for each choice:

A. HbA1C 5.9%: HbA1C is a measure of long-term glucose control in patients, often used in diabetes management. A value of 5.9% is slightly above the normal range (4–5.7%) but does not indicate hepatotoxicity.

B. Albumin 3.8 g/dl: Albumin is a protein produced by the liver, and its levels can reflect liver function. A normal range is 3.5–5 g/dl, and 3.8 g/dl falls within this range. Thus, it does not indicate hepatotoxicity.

C. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) 67 units/l: ALT is an enzyme primarily found in the liver and is a key marker for liver injury. The normal range for ALT is approximately 7–56 units/l. A value of 67 units/l is slightly elevated, which may suggest mild liver damage or hepatotoxicity. This result should be reported to the provider, as it could be associated with the medication’s impact on the liver.

D. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) 39 units/l: AST is another enzyme used to evaluate liver function, though it is less specific to the liver than ALT, as AST is also found in other tissues such as the heart and muscles. The normal range for AST is roughly 10–40 units/l.

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The nurse is caring for a post-surgical patient who was prescribed controlled substances classified schedule IV substances as:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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