The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with unstable angina who is prescribed metoprolol. The patient asks the nurse, "Why do I have to take this medication?" What response by the nurse is most accurate?

"This medication will decrease how hard your heart works."

"It is prescribed to dilate your coronary arteries."

"It will prevent any irregular heartbeats."

"This medication makes your heart beat more forcefully."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Metoprolol, a beta-blocker, decreases the heart rate and reduces myocardial oxygen demand by lowering the workload on the heart, which is beneficial for managing unstable angina.

B. While metoprolol has some vasodilatory effects, its primary action is to reduce heart workload, not to dilate coronary arteries.

C. Although beta-blockers can reduce the risk of arrhythmias, the main purpose in angina management is to decrease cardiac workload.

D. Metoprolol does not make the heart beat more forcefully; instead, it decreases the force of contraction to reduce myocardial oxygen consumption.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Standard precautions should be used for all patients, including those with AIDS, as they are designed to prevent the transmission of infections regardless of the patient's diagnosis. This includes the use of gloves, hand hygiene, and proper disposal of sharps.

B. Droplet precautions are specific to diseases that are spread through respiratory droplets, which is not the primary concern in AIDS management.

C. Contact precautions are used for infections that can be transmitted through direct contact with the patient or contaminated surfaces, but are not routinely required for AIDS patients unless they have co-infections.

D. Behavioral precautions are not a recognized category for infection control in clinical settings.

A. Clarify misinformation and reorient when confused B. Turn patient every 2 hours C. Ensure bed alarm is on when leaving the patient's room D. Vary schedule to prevent memorization and boredom

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Reorienting confused patients is important but is not directly related to cerebellar injury.

B. While turning every 2 hours is important to prevent pressure injuries, it does not address the specific fall risk associated with cerebellar damage.

C. The cerebellum is responsible for balance and coordination, so injuries in this area increase the risk of falls. Ensuring the bed alarm is on provides immediate alerts if the patient attempts to get out of bed, helping to prevent falls.

D. Varying the schedule to prevent boredom is not a priority in the care of patients with cerebellar injury.

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The nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with unstable angina who is prescribed metoprolol. The patient asks the nurse, "Why do I have to take this medication?" What response by the nurse is most accurate?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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