The nurse is caring for a client with suspected infectious endocarditis. Which information obtained in the health history could contribute to the development of this problem?
Breast cancer treated with chemotherapy and radiation
Periodontal disease and gum surgery three months ago
Type II diabetic for ten years
Myocardial infarction one year ago
The Correct Answer is B
A. Breast cancer treated with chemotherapy and radiation: While cancer and its treatments can suppress the immune system, they are not direct causes of infectious endocarditis. The condition is more closely related to bacteremia and structural heart damage.
B. Periodontal disease and gum surgery three months ago: Periodontal disease involves chronic bacterial infection of the gums and supporting structures of the teeth, this transient bacteremia can lead to infectious endocarditis. Oral infections and invasive dental procedures can introduce bacteria into the bloodstream, particularly streptococci, which can colonize damaged heart valves and cause infectious endocarditis.
C. Type II diabetic for ten years: Diabetes increases the risk of infection generally, but it is not a specific cause of endocarditis. Without a portal of entry or bacteremia, the condition alone is not strongly associated with endocarditis.
D. Myocardial infarction one year ago: A prior MI may result in reduced cardiac function but does not directly lead to infectious endocarditis unless it has resulted in damaged valves or introduced infection, which is not indicated here.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Narrowed pulse pressure: Aortic stenosis leads to obstruction of blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta during systole, reducing systolic pressure while diastolic pressure remains unchanged or slightly elevated. This results in a narrowed pulse pressure, a classic finding in moderate to severe aortic stenosis.
B. Sinus tachycardia: While tachycardia can occur in response to decreased cardiac output or stress, it is not a defining feature of aortic stenosis. The hallmark findings relate more directly to fixed cardiac output and valve obstruction.
C. Apical diastolic murmur: Aortic stenosis produces a systolic ejection murmur, best heard at the right second intercostal space and radiating to the carotids. An apical diastolic murmur would suggest mitral stenosis or other diastolic valve pathology.
D. S3 heart sound: An S3 is more indicative of volume overload and heart failure rather than valvular stenosis. While advanced aortic stenosis can lead to heart failure, the S3 is not a primary or early manifestation of this condition.
Correct Answer is ["0.5"]
Explanation
Convert milligrams to micrograms.
1 mg = 1000 mcg.
0.05 mg × 1000 mcg/mg = 50 mcg
Desired dose = 25 mcg
Available dose = 50 mcg/tablet
Calculate the number of tablets.
Number of tablets = Desired dose / Available dose per tablet
= 25 mcg / 50 mcg/tablet
= 0.5
The nurse should administer 0.5 tablet.
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