The nurse is caring for a client with a history of multiple sclerosis. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?

Assist with mobility and safety measures

Encourage high-sodium diet

Restrict physical therapy

Promote bed rest

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Assisting with mobility and safety is critical in multiple sclerosis, as muscle weakness and spasticity increase fall risk. Physical therapy and assistive devices enhance safety, reducing injury risk, making it the priority intervention to maintain independence and prevent complications like fractures.

Choice B reason: A high-sodium diet is inappropriate, as it may exacerbate fluid retention, unrelated to multiple sclerosis. Mobility assistance is the priority, as falls are a significant risk due to neurological deficits, making dietary sodium irrelevant to primary symptom management.

Choice C reason: Restricting physical therapy worsens mobility and spasticity in multiple sclerosis. Assisting with mobility and safety is critical, as it prevents falls and maintains function, making therapy restriction counterproductive, as exercise supports neurological health and independence.

Choice D reason: Promoting bed rest increases muscle atrophy and spasticity in multiple sclerosis. Mobility and safety measures are essential, as they reduce fall risk and maintain function, making bed rest detrimental to managing neurological symptoms and overall patient well-being.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Warm compresses reduce morning stiffness in rheumatoid arthritis by increasing blood flow and relaxing muscles around inflamed joints. This alleviates synovial inflammation, improving mobility and comfort, making it a key nonpharmacologic intervention to manage early daily symptoms effectively.

Choice B reason: Restricting physical activity worsens stiffness and joint deformity in rheumatoid arthritis. Warm compresses are prioritized, as they directly reduce synovial inflammation and improve mobility, enabling gentle exercise, making complete activity restriction counterproductive to joint health and function.

Choice C reason: High-dose corticosteroids are reserved for severe rheumatoid arthritis flares, not routine morning stiffness. Warm compresses are safer, reducing stiffness through localized heat, improving joint function without systemic side effects, making them the priority intervention for daily symptom management.

Choice D reason: A high-sodium diet increases fluid retention, potentially worsening joint inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. Warm compresses directly alleviate morning stiffness by enhancing circulation, making them the priority, as dietary sodium does not address acute joint symptoms effectively.

A. Over-enunciate word syllables B. Raise voice volume to a shout C. Decrease speaking speed D. Exaggerate nonverbal expressions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Over-enunciating syllables emphasizes pronunciation, which may help with clarity but does not directly address hearing impairment. Age-related hearing loss (presbycusis) often involves difficulty processing rapid speech. Slowing speech is more effective, as over-enunciation may distort natural speech patterns, reducing comprehension in older adults with hearing deficits.

Choice B reason: Shouting increases volume but can distort speech and cause discomfort, worsening communication for those with presbycusis. High-frequency hearing loss in older adults makes loud sounds less effective, as they struggle with pitch discrimination. Slower, clear speech better facilitates understanding than shouting, which may also seem aggressive.

Choice C reason: Decreasing speaking speed enhances comprehension in older adults with hearing loss. Presbycusis impairs processing of rapid speech, particularly high-frequency sounds. Slow, clear speech allows more time for auditory processing, improving understanding without distorting sound or relying on less effective nonverbal cues, making it the optimal intervention.

Choice D reason: Exaggerating nonverbal expressions relies on visual cues, which does not address auditory comprehension. While gestures may supplement communication, they are insufficient for conveying detailed medical questions. Hearing-impaired clients primarily need auditory adjustments, like slower speech, to process verbal information effectively, making nonverbal exaggeration less appropriate.

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The nurse is caring for a client with a history of multiple sclerosis. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is caring for a client with a history of rheumatoid arthritis who reports morning stiffness. Which intervention should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

An older adult female client is hospitalized with a fractured femur. During a routine nursing assessment, she repeatedly asks the nurse to “speak up” so that she can hear the questions. Which action is best for the nurse to take?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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