The nurse is caring for a client with a heart rate of 48. His blood pressure is 120/80. Which finding will help the nurse determine the cause of the client's bradycardia?

The client has a fever.

The client has possible hemorrhage or bleeding.

The client has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

The client has calcium channel blocker medicate prescribed.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Fever can cause tachycardia (increased heart rate) rather than bradycardia. It is not typically associated with slowing of the heart rate unless there are other complicating factors such as severe infection or medication side effects.
B.   Significant blood loss can lead to hypovolemia (low blood volume), which can result in bradycardia as a compensatory mechanism to maintain blood pressure. However, the blood pressure in this scenario is

normal (120/80), which makes severe hemorrhage less likely unless compensated by fluid resuscitation or other factors.
C.   COPD can cause chronic hypoxia and respiratory acidosis, which can lead to chronic respiratory compensation and potentially bradycardia. However, COPD alone is less likely to cause bradycardia in the absence of severe exacerbation or other complicating factors.
D.   Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are medications commonly prescribed for conditions such as hypertension, angina, and arrhythmias. They work by blocking calcium channels in cardiac and smooth muscle cells, resulting in decreased heart rate and vasodilation. Bradycardia is a known side effect of CCBs, especially when taken in excess or in combination with other medications that affect heart rate.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) predisposes the client to spontaneous bleeding. This can manifest as petechiae (small red or purple spots on the skin), purpura (larger areas of purple discoloration), mucosal bleeding (such as nosebleeds or bleeding gums), or internal bleeding (such as gastrointestinal or intracranial bleeding). Monitoring for signs of bleeding is essential to promptly intervene and prevent complications.
B. While infections can occur in any client, a low platelet count does not directly predispose the client to infection. Thrombocytopenia primarily affects hemostasis rather than immune function.
C. Oliguria refers to decreased urine output, typically less than 400 mL/day in adults. It is not directly related to thrombocytopenia but may occur in conditions affecting kidney function or fluid balance.
D. Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes can indicate neurological conditions or electrolyte imbalances but are not associated with thrombocytopenia.

A. Metformin B. Carvedilol C. Atorvastatin D. Nitroglycerin

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Metformin is an oral antidiabetic medication commonly used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus. It can cause a rare but serious side effect called lactic acidosis, especially in situations where there is impaired kidney function or when the drug interacts with contrast dye used in procedures like cardiac catheterization.
B. Carvedilol is a beta-blocker used to manage hypertension and heart failure. It does not have a significant interaction with contrast dye that would increase the risk of AKI.
C. Atorvastatin is a statin medication used to lower cholesterol levels. It does not interact with contrast dye in a way that increases the risk of AKI.
D. Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator used to relieve angina symptoms. It does not interact with contrast dye in a way that increases the risk of AKI.

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The nurse is caring for a client with a heart rate of 48. His blood pressure is 120/80. Which finding will help the nurse determine the cause of the client's bradycardia?

Nursing Test Bank

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