The nurse is caring for a client receiving their second unit of Packed Red Blood Cells for an initial hemoglobin. The client appears flushed and complains of itching and urticaria. After following protocol (stopping transfusion, running 0.9% normal saline) and notifying the health care provider, the nurse would prepare to administer:
epinephrine 1mg IV.
acetaminophen 650mg PD.
diphenhydramine 50mg IV.
furosemide 40mg PO.
The Correct Answer is C
A. Epinephrine 1 mg IV
Epinephrine is used for severe anaphylaxis. This reaction is more consistent with a mild allergic (febrile) transfusion reaction, which does not require epinephrine.
B. Acetaminophen 650 mg PO
Acetaminophen is used for febrile reactions but does not treat the allergic symptoms (itching, urticaria).
C. Diphenhydramine 50 mg IV
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) is given to treat mild allergic transfusion reactions such as flushing, itching, and urticaria.
D. Furosemide 40 mg PO
Furosemide (Lasix) is given between blood transfusions to prevent fluid overload, not for allergic reactions.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Removal of the educating patient to carry an Epipen
While educating the patient about carrying an Epipen is essential in managing anaphylaxis, it is not the primary action in preventing anaphylactic shock before exposure to an allergen.
B. Assess and document for previous allergies and drug reactions prior to medication administration
Identifying and documenting allergies before administering medications or treatments helps prevent exposure to known allergens, reducing the risk of anaphylaxis.
C. Administer diphenhydramine and solumedrol IV at the first sign of allergic symptoms
These medications help in managing allergic reactions but do not prevent anaphylactic shock. Preventive measures focus on avoiding allergen exposure rather than treating symptoms after they occur.
D. Application of a red allergy bracelet on the patient’s upper extremity
This helps alert healthcare providers about allergies, but it does not prevent anaphylactic shock. It is a precautionary step rather than a primary prevention strategy.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Follows an object with eyes without nystagmus or strabismus
Cranial nerves III (oculomotor), IV (trochlear), and VI (abducens) control eye movement. CN XI does not control eye movement.
B. Moves the tongue out midline without tremors or deviation
Cranial nerve XII (hypoglossal nerve) controls tongue movement.
C. Moves the head and shoulders against resistance with equal strength
Cranial nerve XI (spinal accessory nerve) controls the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles. If intact, the client can shrug shoulders and turn the head against resistance with equal strength.
D. Demonstrates full range of the neck
Full range of motion in the neck involves multiple muscles, not just those innervated by CN XI.
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