The nurse is caring for a client receiving regular insulin prescribed per a sliding scale. If a dose of regular insulin is administered at 0730, which additional nursing action is indicated for this client?

Ensure that the client eats breakfast.

Provide a mid-afternoon snack for the client.

Assess the client for hypoglycemia around 1500.

Perform a glucometer reading at 1000.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Ensure that the client eats breakfast: Regular insulin is a fast-acting insulin that typically begins to work within 30 minutes to an hour after administration, peaks around 2-3 hours, and can last for up to 6 hours. Therefore, it is crucial that the client eats a meal, such as breakfast, shortly after the insulin is administered to prevent hypoglycemia.
B. Provide a mid-afternoon snack for the client: While snacks may be necessary depending on the client's overall meal and insulin schedule, it is more critical to ensure the client eats the meal immediately following insulin administration to manage blood glucose levels.
C. Assess the client for hypoglycemia around 1500: While monitoring for hypoglycemia is important, it is more critical to ensure the client eats their meal soon after insulin administration to prevent hypoglycemia in the first place.
D. Perform a glucometer reading at 1000: A glucometer reading at 1000 might be useful for monitoring blood glucose levels but ensuring that the client eats a meal promptly is a more immediate and critical action following insulin administration.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Chronotropic effect: This term refers to changes in heart rate. Angiotensin II receptor antagonists like valsartan primarily affect blood pressure and vascular tone, rather than directly altering heart rate.
B) Diuresis: Diuresis involves increased urine production. Although some antihypertensives can have a diuretic effect, valsartan primarily works through mechanisms other than increasing urine output.
C) Vasodilation: Angiotensin II receptor antagonists such as valsartan work by blocking the action of angiotensin II, which leads to vasodilation. This reduction in vascular resistance helps to lower blood pressure and is the primary therapeutic effect of valsartan.
D) Sympatholytic action: This refers to the suppression of sympathetic nervous system activity. Valsartan does not primarily act through sympathetic nervous system modulation but rather through direct vasodilation by blocking angiotensin II receptors.

A. Hematocrit 42% (0.42 volume fraction). B. Positive guaiac of stool. C. Gastric pH 2. D. Hemoglobin 13 g/dl. (8.07 mmol/l)

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hematocrit 42% (0.42 volume fraction): This value is within the normal range for hematocrit (42% to 52%). Therefore, it does not indicate an immediate concern.
B. Positive guaiac of stool: A positive guaiac test for occult blood in the stool indicates gastrointestinal bleeding. Given the client's history of self-treating with ibuprofen (a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, NSAID) and his symptoms of fatigue and dizziness, this finding suggests possible gastrointestinal bleeding due to NSAID-induced ulcers or bleeding. This requires immediate reporting to the healthcare provider for further evaluation and intervention.
C. Gastric pH 2: While the gastric pH is on the acidic side, it is within the normal range for gastric acid (1.5 to 3.5). This finding does not necessarily indicate an acute problem by itself.
D. Hemoglobin 13 g/dL (8.07 mmol/L): Although this hemoglobin level is slightly below the normal range for males (14 to 18 g/dL), it is not as critical as a positive guaiac test for stool blood. It might be worth monitoring, but it is not as urgent as addressing potential gastrointestinal bleeding.

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The nurse is caring for a client receiving regular insulin prescribed per a sliding scale. If a dose of regular insulin is administered at 0730, which additional nursing action is indicated for this client?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is administering the angiotensin II receptor antagonist valsartan. Which physiological response causes its therapeutic effect?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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