The nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of Kawasaki disease. The child's parent asks the nurse, "How does Kawasaki disease affect my child's heart and blood vessels?" On what understanding is the nurse's response based?
Altered blood flow increases cardiac workload with resulting heart failure.
Inflammation weakens blood vessels, leading to aneurysm.
Untreated disease causes mitral valve stenosis.
Increased lipid levels lead to the development of atherosclerosis.
The Correct Answer is B
B Kawasaki disease primarily affects medium-sized arteries, including the coronary arteries. The inflammation associated with Kawasaki disease can weaken the walls of the blood vessels, leading to the formation of aneurysms, particularly in the coronary arteries. Coronary artery aneurysms are a hallmark complication of Kawasaki disease and can increase the risk of myocardial infarction and other cardiovascular problems.
A This option describes a possible consequence of Kawasaki disease. Kawasaki disease can cause inflammation of the blood vessels, including the coronary arteries, which can lead to the formation of coronary artery aneurysms. These aneurysms can disrupt blood flow to the heart muscle, leading to ischemia and potentially heart failure.
C Mitral valve stenosis is not a typical complication of Kawasaki disease. While Kawasaki disease can affect the cardiovascular system and lead to complications such as coronary artery aneurysms, it does not typically cause mitral valve stenosis.
D Atherosclerosis is not a direct consequence of Kawasaki disease. Kawasaki disease primarily involves inflammation of the blood vessels rather than changes in lipid levels, which are more commonly associated with conditions such as hyperlipidemia or familial hypercholesterolemia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]
Explanation
B. Wheezing is a common symptom of asthma exacerbation and can indicate airway obstruction. Wheezing may worsen during an asthma attack, suggesting deterioration in respiratory status.
C. Nasal flaring is a sign of increased respiratory effort and can occur during respiratory distress. In a child with asthma, nasal flaring may indicate worsening airway obstruction and increased work of breathing, suggesting deterioration in respiratory status.
D. Retraction of sternal muscles, also known as intercostal retractions, occurs when the muscles between the ribs are drawn inward during inspiration, indicating increased effort to breathe. Intercostal retractions are a sign of respiratory distress and can occur in children with asthma during exacerbations, particularly when airway obstruction is severe.
A. Warm extremities are not typically indicative of deterioration in respiratory status in a child with asthma. In fact, warm extremities may suggest adequate peripheral perfusion.
E. An oxygen saturation of 95% is within the normal range for most children and may not necessarily indicate deterioration in respiratory status. However, oxygen saturation should be interpreted in conjunction with other clinical signs and symptoms.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
This position, often referred to as the "knee-to-chest" position, is recommended during a cyanotic spell in infants with tetralogy of Fallot because it can help increase venous return to the heart and improve oxygenation. It's important for caregivers to understand this positioning as part of the management for hypercyanotic spells in children with this condition.
A. Placing the baby upright in an infant seat may help improve blood flow and oxygenation, but it's not the recommended position for managing cyanosis in a baby with tetralogy of Fallot.
B. Placing the baby with the head lower than the rest of the body could potentially worsen cyanosis by increasing right-to-left shunting of blood and decreasing pulmonary blood flow.
C. Placing the baby in a supine position with the head elevated worsens pulmonary blood flow by increasing systemic vascular resistance. This position can help worsen cyanosis by promoting better oxygenation.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today