The nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of Kawasaki disease. The child's parent asks the nurse, "How does Kawasaki disease affect my child's heart and blood vessels?" On what understanding is the nurse's response based?

Altered blood flow increases cardiac workload with resulting heart failure.

Inflammation weakens blood vessels, leading to aneurysm.

Untreated disease causes mitral valve stenosis.

Increased lipid levels lead to the development of atherosclerosis.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

B Kawasaki disease primarily affects medium-sized arteries, including the coronary arteries. The inflammation associated with Kawasaki disease can weaken the walls of the blood vessels, leading to the formation of aneurysms, particularly in the coronary arteries. Coronary artery aneurysms are a hallmark complication of Kawasaki disease and can increase the risk of myocardial infarction and other cardiovascular problems.

A This option describes a possible consequence of Kawasaki disease. Kawasaki disease can cause inflammation of the blood vessels, including the coronary arteries, which can lead to the formation of coronary artery aneurysms. These aneurysms can disrupt blood flow to the heart muscle, leading to ischemia and potentially heart failure.

C Mitral valve stenosis is not a typical complication of Kawasaki disease. While Kawasaki disease can affect the cardiovascular system and lead to complications such as coronary artery aneurysms, it does not typically cause mitral valve stenosis.

D Atherosclerosis is not a direct consequence of Kawasaki disease. Kawasaki disease primarily involves inflammation of the blood vessels rather than changes in lipid levels, which are more commonly associated with conditions such as hyperlipidemia or familial hypercholesterolemia.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The sweat chloride test is considered the most definitive diagnostic test for cystic fibrosis. In this test, sweat is collected from the skin and analyzed for chloride content. Elevated levels of chloride in the sweat are indicative of cystic fibrosis. This test is highly sensitive and specific for diagnosing the condition.

B. Stool fat content analysis can help assess pancreatic function and malabsorption, which are common manifestations of cystic fibrosis. However, it is not considered the most definitive test for diagnosing cystic fibrosis. Elevated stool fat content can be suggestive of cystic fibrosis but is not specific to the condition.

C. Sputum culture may be performed to identify respiratory pathogens and guide antibiotic therapy in individuals with cystic fibrosis, but it is not the most definitive test for diagnosing the condition. It helps identify infections and monitor lung health but does not confirm the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis.

D. Pulmonary function tests are used to assess lung function and airflow, which can be affected in individuals with cystic fibrosis. While these tests provide valuable information about lung health, they are not the most definitive test for diagnosing cystic fibrosis. They are used for monitoring disease progression and response to treatment rather than confirming the diagnosis.

A. Administer corticosteroid medications as prescribed B. Place the client in a supine position C. Encourage the client to engage in vigorous physical activity D. Administer bronchodilator medications as prescribed E. Apply cold compresses to the client's chest

Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

A. Corticosteroids help reduce airway inflammation during an asthma exacerbation, which can help improve breathing and reduce symptoms.

D. Bronchodilator medications, such as albuterol, help relax the muscles around the airways, making it easier to breathe during an asthma exacerbation. They are typically used as rescue medications to provide immediate relief of asthma symptoms.

B. Placing the client in a supine position (lying flat on their back) is not recommended during an asthma exacerbation. This position can make breathing more difficult for someone experiencing respiratory distress.

C. Vigorous physical activity can exacerbate asthma symptoms and trigger an asthma attack. During an asthma exacerbation, it's important to encourage the client to rest and avoid strenuous activities that could worsen their breathing difficulties.

E. Cold compresses are not recommended for asthma exacerbations. Warm, moist air may help loosen mucus and ease breathing, but cold compresses could potentially exacerbate symptoms or discomfort.

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The nurse is caring for a child with a diagnosis of Kawasaki disease. The child's parent asks the nurse, "How does Kawasaki disease affect my child's heart and blood vessels?" On what understanding is the nurse's response based?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about diagnostic tests with the parents of a child who has suspected cystic fibrosis. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the nurse include as the most definitive when diagnosing cystic fibrosis?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which interventions should be implemented for a pediatric client experiencing an asthma exacerbation? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a child who has an exacerbation of cystic fibrosis. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately?

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