The nurse is assessing a patient prior to surgery for esophageal cancer. Which of the following would be considered a risk factor for the development of this disease?

Herpes Simplex

Consumption of spicy foods

Reflux Disease

Daily NSAID use

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is not directly linked to an increased risk of esophageal cancer. While it can cause infections in the esophagus, especially in immunocompromised individuals, it is not recognized as a significant risk factor for esophageal cancer itself.
B.   While some individuals may experience discomfort from spicy foods, there is no substantial evidence linking the consumption of spicy foods directly to the development of esophageal cancer. Dietary factors are more complex, and spicy foods are not typically identified as a primary risk factor.
C.   Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a significant risk factor for esophageal cancer, particularly adenocarcinoma. Chronic reflux can lead to changes in the esophageal lining (Barrett's esophagus), which is a precancerous condition. Therefore, this is a well-established risk factor.
D.   The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is not considered a direct risk factor for esophageal cancer. In some contexts, NSAIDs may even have a protective effect against certain types of cancer due to their anti-inflammatory properties. However, chronic use can lead to gastrointestinal complications, including ulcers, but does not have a clear link to the development of esophageal cancer.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Cephalosporins are a class of antibiotics that can, in some cases, cause liver enzyme elevations and hepatotoxicity. While not all cephalosporins are associated with significant liver toxicity, there have been reports of liver dysfunction with some members of this class.
B. Sulfonamides can also cause hepatotoxicity, particularly in certain individuals. They are known to occasionally lead to liver enzyme elevations and even more severe liver damage in susceptible patients.
C. Penicillins are generally considered safe regarding hepatotoxicity; however, there can be rare instances of liver enzyme elevation associated with some penicillin derivatives, particularly in cases of prolonged use or in patients with existing liver disease. Nonetheless, they are not commonly associated with significant hepatotoxicity.
D. Fluoroquinolones can cause liver toxicity, although it is relatively rare. Some fluoroquinolones have been associated with elevated liver enzymes and other hepatic issues.

A. Apply topical corticosteroids to decrease inflammation. B. Maintain contact precautions. C. Examine child under a wood lamp for possible spread of lesions. D. Carefully remove dressings to not dislodge damaged skin, crusts, and debris.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Topical corticosteroids are not typically used for impetigo, as it's a bacterial infection.
B. Impetigo is highly contagious, so contact precautions are essential to prevent the spread of infection. This includes wearing gloves and a gown when providing direct care, and using dedicated equipment for the child.
C. A wood lamp is used to examine the skin for fungal infections, not bacterial infections like impetigo.
D. Impetigo typically doesn't require dressings. If dressings are used, they should be removed gently to avoid further skin damage.

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The nurse is assessing a patient prior to surgery for esophageal cancer. Which of the following would be considered a risk factor for the development of this disease?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which class of antimicrobials does not cause hepatotoxicity?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which is an important nursing consideration when caring for a child with impetigo?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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