The nurse is assessing a client who recently had an upper respiratory infection and now presents to the emergency department with lower extremity numbness and difficulty swallowing. Based on these findings, this client is at greatest risk for which pathophysiological condition?

Guillain-Barre syndrome.

Mycoplasma pneumonia.

Cytomegalovirus.

Epstein-Bar virus.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Guillain-Barre syndrome is a condition that can occur after an upper respiratory infection and is characterized by progressive weakness, numbness, and sometimes difficulty swallowing, which align with the client's symptoms.

B. Mycoplasma pneumonia primarily affects the respiratory system and does not typically cause lower extremity numbness and difficulty swallowing.

C. Cytomegalovirus can cause a range of symptoms but is not specifically associated with lower extremity numbness and difficulty swallowing.

D. Epstein-Barr virus is linked to infectious mononucleosis and does not typically cause lower extremity numbness and difficulty swallowing.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Falls can lead to head injuries or subdural hematomas, which can cause confusion in older adults. It is important to assess for recent trauma as a possible cause of the confusion.

B. An elevated temperature can indicate an infection, such as a urinary tract infection (UTI) or pneumonia, which are common causes of acute confusion in older adults.

C. Pain with urination is a symptom of a UTI, which can lead to confusion, especially in elderly patients with Parkinson's disease.

D. While maintaining adequate nutrition is important, increasing protein intake does not directly address the sudden onset of confusion.

E. New medications or allergic reactions can lead to confusion. A medication interaction or an allergic reaction to a new food could be a contributing factor.

A. The intake of protein should be increased to assist in healing the function of the kidney's nephrons. B. The intake of protein should be increased to prevent malnutrition and increase energy. C. The intake of protein should be decreased due to the progressively failing function of the kidney. D. The protein intake should be decreased to prevent nitrogenous waste buildup.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

In end-stage kidney failure, nephron damage is permanent and irreversible. Increasing protein does not restore kidney function.

B. Clients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) who are receiving dialysis require increased protein intake. Dialysis removes not only waste products but also amino acids and proteins. Without adequate protein intake, the client is at risk for malnutrition, muscle wasting, poor wound healing, and decreased energy. Therefore, protein intake is increased to replace losses and maintain nutritional status.

C. Protein restriction is appropriate in earlier stages of chronic kidney disease to reduce workload on the kidneys. However, once the client is on dialysis, protein needs increase.

D. Protein intake should be decreased to prevent the buildup of nitrogenous wastes, which the failing kidneys cannot adequately filter. Dialysis can help remove these wastes, but dietary management is still crucial.

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The nurse is assessing a client who recently had an upper respiratory infection and now presents to the emergency department with lower extremity numbness and difficulty swallowing. Based on these findings, this client is at greatest risk for which pathophysiological condition?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The adult child of an older adult client who has Parkinson's disease, calls the clinic and reports that the client has been confused for the past week. What action(s) should the nurse take? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","E"]

Explanation

The nurse is providing dietary education to a client in end stage kidney failure who requires dialysis three times a week. Which information is important for the nurse to include about the client's daily diet?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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