The nurse administers regular insulin SUBQ at 0700 to a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), after which the client eats one-half of the breakfast provided. At 1000, the client reports being hungry. Which action should the nurse implement?

Administer insulin per sliding scale.

Start hourly blood glucose monitoring.

Initiate an IV bolus of 0.9% sodium chloride.

Provide a snack of cheese and crackers.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Administering insulin per sliding scale is typically based on blood glucose levels, not just the client's report of hunger. Since the client has already received insulin, providing more insulin without knowing the current blood glucose level could cause hypoglycaemia.

Choice B reason: Starting hourly blood glucose monitoring might be necessary in certain situations, but the immediate need is to address the client's hunger, which could be a sign of impending hypoglycaemia. Addressing the hunger first is more urgent.

Choice C reason: Initiating an IV bolus of 0.9% sodium chloride is not indicated in this scenario. This intervention is typically used for dehydration or other fluid imbalances, not for managing hunger or blood glucose levels directly.

Choice D reason: Providing a snack of cheese and crackers is the most appropriate action. The client's report of hunger after receiving insulin and eating only half of breakfast suggests they might be at risk for hypoglycaemia. A snack will help stabilize their blood glucose levels and prevent hypoglycaemia.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Decreasing foods high in fat or trans fats is generally good for overall health, but it is not specifically related to managing diverticulosis. Focusing on fibber intake is more important for this condition.

Choice B reason: Eliminating caffeine and chocolate might be helpful for certain digestive issues, but it is not directly related to diverticulosis management. The primary concern for diverticulosis is to ensure adequate fibber intake to promote regular bowel movements and prevent complications.

Choice C reason: Augmenting the intake of dairy products is not directly beneficial for diverticulosis and could potentially cause discomfort in individuals who are lactose intolerant. It is not a recommended dietary modification for this condition.

Choice D reason: Increasing the intake of insoluble fibber is crucial for managing diverticulosis. Insoluble fibber helps to increase stool bulk and promote regular bowel movements, which can reduce the risk of diverticula formation and prevent flare-ups of diverticulitis. Foods rich in insoluble fibber include whole grains, vegetables, and fruits.

A. Draw air in through the nose and exhale slowly through pursed lips. B. Increase breathing rate for a full 30 seconds. C. Raise hands above the head to expand the diaphragm. D. Lay down on each side with knees bent and breathe from the abdomen.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Drawing air in through the nose and exhaling slowly through pursed lips is a technique known as pursed-lip breathing. This method helps improve gas exchange by keeping the airways open longer during exhalation, which aids in the removal of trapped air and reduces dyspneal.

Choice B reason: Increasing the breathing rate for a full 30 seconds is not recommended for clients with emphysema. Rapid breathing can lead to hyperventilation and increased work of breathing, which can exacerbate dyspneal.

Choice C reason: Raising hands above the head to expand the diaphragm might help in some situations, but it is not as effective as pursed-lip breathing for improving gas exchange and reducing dyspneal in clients with emphysema.

Choice D reason: Laying down on each side with knees bent and breathing from the abdomen is a relaxation technique that can help some clients, but it does not specifically address the need for improved gas exchange during episodes of dyspneal.

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The nurse administers regular insulin SUBQ at 0700 to a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), after which the client eats one-half of the breakfast provided. At 1000, the client reports being hungry. Which action should the nurse implement?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse plans to provide diet instructions to a client who was recently diagnosed with diverticulosis. Which dietary modification should the nurse include in the teaching plan?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client with emphysema who is mildly dyspneic after ambulation. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the client to improve gas exchange?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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