The nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) who has a history of a myocardial infarction (MI) and smokes two packs of cigarettes daily. Which instruction has the greatest priority?

Keep toenails trimmed short.

Apply heating pad to soothe leg pain.

Enrol in a smoking cessation program.

Reduce intake of high saturated fats and salt.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason: Keeping toenails trimmed short is important for foot care, especially in clients with PAD, but it is not the highest priority.

Choice B reason: Applying a heating pad to soothe leg pain can provide temporary relief but does not address the underlying issue of PAD or reduce cardiovascular risk.

Choice C reason: Enrolling in a smoking cessation program is the highest priority. Smoking significantly exacerbates PAD and increases the risk of further cardiovascular events, including heart attacks. Quitting smoking is crucial for improving vascular health and reducing the risk of complications.

Choice D reason: Reducing intake of high saturated fats and salt is important for overall cardiovascular health but is not as immediate or impactful as smoking cessation in reducing the risk of complications from PAD and MI.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Evaluating for evidence of incontinence is important for understanding the full scope of the seizure's impact on the client. However, it is not the first priority immediately after a seizure. Ensuring the client's airway and breathing status takes precedence.

Choice B reason: Observing for lacerations to the tongue is relevant as it can indicate the severity of the seizure and the potential for airway obstruction. However, the most critical intervention immediately after the seizure is to assess the client's breathing and ensure they are not experiencing prolonged apnoea.

Choice C reason: Documenting the details of the seizure activity is necessary for medical records and future treatment planning. While it is important, it is not the immediate priority. The nurse must first ensure the client's safety and physiological stability.

Choice D reason: Observing for prolonged periods of apnoea is the most urgent intervention. Apnoea, or a pause in breathing, can lead to hypoxia and other serious complications if not addressed immediately. Ensuring that the client is breathing properly is the top priority after a seizure.

A. Bounding peripheral pulse. B. uneven hair distribution. C. Lower leg enema. D. bronze pigmentation.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: A bounding peripheral pulse indicates increased arterial circulation and is not a sign of compromised peripheral arterial circulation. In cases of arterial insufficiency, pulses may actually be diminished or absent.

Choice B reason: Uneven hair distribution is a classic sign of compromised peripheral arterial circulation. Poor blood flow to the extremities can lead to decreased hair growth, causing patchy or uneven hair distribution. This symptom is often seen in clients with peripheral arterial disease.

Choice C reason: Lower leg enema is more commonly associated with venous insufficiency rather than arterial insufficiency. Edem results from fluid accumulation due to poor venous return rather than issues with arterial circulation.

Choice D reason: Bronze pigmentation is often related to chronic venous insufficiency and hemosiderin deposition in the skin. It is not typically a sign of compromised arterial circulation. Arterial issues are more likely to cause pallor or cyanosis in the affected extremity.

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The nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) who has a history of a myocardial infarction (MI) and smokes two packs of cigarettes daily. Which instruction has the greatest priority?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

While assisting a client to the toilet, the client begins to have a seizure and the nurse eases the client to the floor. The nurse calls for help and monitors the client until the seizing stops. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is performing a physical assessment of a client. Which finding should the nurse recognize is a result of a compromised peripheral arterial circulation of the lower extremity?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is teaching a client with gastritis about self-management. Which statement made by the client should the nurse recognize as needing additional education?

A client with Crohn's disease is admitted to the medical unit with a three-day history of abdominal cramping, nausea, and vomiting. Which prescription should the nurse implement first?

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