The Emergency Department nurse is expecting a patient with a spinal cord transection at C1. Which of the following assessments take priority upon the patient's arrival? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

Blood pressure

Bladder function

Heart rate

Reflexes

Respirations

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,E

A. Blood pressure monitoring is essential, as spinal cord injuries at high levels can cause disruptions in autonomic regulation, leading to significant blood pressure fluctuations.

B. Bladder function is impacted by spinal cord injuries; however, it is not the initial priority in an emergency setting when life-threatening complications must be managed first.

C. Heart rate is critical as high spinal cord injuries can impact cardiac function by affecting autonomic control, potentially leading to bradycardia.

D. Reflexes are often assessed in cases of spinal injury, but they are not the immediate priority when stabilizing the patient upon arrival.

E. Respirations are a priority, as a C1 spinal cord injury can compromise respiratory function, necessitating immediate assessment to ensure adequate oxygenation and airway management.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The fifth intercostal space at the left midclavicular line is the location of the mitral valve, where murmurs associated with mitral valve disease are best auscultated.

B. The fourth intercostal space at the right sternal border is the location for assessing the tricuspid valve, not the mitral valve.

C. The third intercostal space at the left midclavicular line is not associated with loudest auscultation of the mitral valve murmur.

D. The second intercostal space at the right sternal border is where the aortic valve sounds are best heard.

A. Elevate the head of the bed, loosen clothing, and check the urinary catheter for obstruction B. Elevate the head of the bed and apply a cool compress to the forehead C. Place in Semi-Fowler's position and establish IV access D. Establish IV access, apply 2 liters of nasal oxygen, and contact the health care provider

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Elevating the head of the bed, loosening clothing, and checking for urinary catheter obstruction are key steps to lower blood pressure and relieve triggers of autonomic dysreflexia, a potentially life-threatening condition.

B. A cool compress may provide comfort but does not directly address the primary triggers or symptoms of autonomic dysreflexia.

C. Semi-Fowler's position is insufficient compared to a full 90-degree sitting position, which helps reduce blood pressure.

D. IV access and oxygen may be required if symptoms do not resolve, but immediate actions focus on relieving the cause of dysreflexia.

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The Emergency Department nurse is expecting a patient with a spinal cord transection at C1. Which of the following assessments take priority upon the patient's arrival? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)

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