The dose is 8mg. The supply is 4mg/ml. How many ml does the nurse give?

A. A semi-dependent nursing action: This term doesn't have a standard meaning in nursing. Nursing actions are generally categorized as independent, dependent, or interdependent.

B. An independent nursing action: Independent nursing actions are activities that nurses are licensed to initiate on the basis of their knowledge and skills. These actions don't require a physician's order. Giving a back massage, in many cases, falls under the category of independent nursing actions. Nurses often assess the patient's condition and, if appropriate, can provide interventions like massages to enhance comfort and well-being without needing a specific order.

C. A dependent nursing action: Dependent nursing actions are activities that require a physician's order or another healthcare provider's directive. Nurses perform these actions under the physician's supervision or guidance. Giving a back massage might require a specific order in certain situations, for instance, if the patient has a particular condition that necessitates a tailored approach to massage.

D. An interdependent nursing action: Interdependent nursing actions are those that require collaboration with other healthcare team members. These actions involve working together with physicians, therapists, and other professionals to ensure comprehensive patient care. While collaboration is essential in healthcare, giving a back massage is generally not considered primarily interdependent; it's more about the nurse's individual skill unless there are specific medical considerations that require interprofessional collaboration.

A. Administering pain medication: Administering medication typically requires a healthcare provider's order. Nurses can administer medications, but this action is not independent; it relies on a prescription.

B. Teaching a patient how to change their dressing before they are discharged: This is an independent nursing action. Nurses are educated and trained to provide patient education. Teaching patients about wound care and dressing changes falls under their scope of practice and doesn't require a physician's order.

C. Changing a patient's diet from pureed to regular: Changing a patient's diet usually involves dietary guidelines set by a healthcare provider. Nurses can implement these dietary changes based on the provider's orders but cannot independently change a patient's diet without an order from a healthcare provider.

D. Giving a back rub: Providing comfort measures like a back rub is an independent nursing action. It falls under the domain of holistic nursing care and doesn't require a specific physician's order. Nurses often use such measures to promote relaxation and alleviate discomfort.

E. Repositioning a patient in bed: This is an independent nursing action. Regular repositioning is crucial for preventing pressure ulcers and maintaining a patient's comfort. Nurses assess the patient's mobility and reposition them as needed without requiring specific orders each time.