The client with cirrhosis has developed spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). Which data indicates this complication of cirrhosis is occurring?

Petechiae

Increased abdominal pain

Jaundice

Blood in emesis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Petechiae are small red or purple spots caused by bleeding into the skin, typically associated with platelet disorders, and are not a direct indicator of SBP.

Choice B reason: Increased abdominal pain is a common symptom of SBP, as the condition causes inflammation and irritation of the peritoneum, which can lead to significant discomfort.

Choice C reason: Jaundice is a sign of liver dysfunction but is not specific to SBP. It results from high levels of bilirubin in the blood and can occur in various liver diseases.

Choice D reason: Blood in emesis (vomiting) may indicate gastrointestinal bleeding, which can be a complication of cirrhosis but is not specific to SBP.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Prolonged vomiting typically leads to metabolic alkalosis due to the loss of gastric acid, which is not consistent with the ABG results showing acidosis.

Choice B reason: COPD can lead to respiratory acidosis, as indicated by the elevated PaCO2 and low pH in the ABG results, making it a likely contributor to these findings.

Choice C reason: Chronic renal failure can lead to metabolic acidosis, but the HCO3 level is within the normal range, which does not support this as the primary condition.

Choice D reason: Anxiety and hyperventilation usually result in respiratory alkalosis due to the excessive exhalation of CO2, which is the opposite of what the ABG results show.

A. Recommend that the client and spouse learn sign language. B. Have the client exaggerate the pronunciation of words. C. Suggest the spouse speak in a louder tone of voice. D. Suggest communication by writing.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Learning sign language can be beneficial but may not be practical or immediately helpful for the client and spouse dealing with communication issues due to PD.

Choice B reason: Exaggerating the pronunciation of words may help some clients with PD, but it can also be tiring and not effective for all, especially if the client has significant speech difficulties.

Choice C reason: Speaking in a louder tone of voice does not necessarily improve communication with a person who has PD, as the issue often lies with the client's ability to speak, not with hearing.

Choice D reason: Writing can be an effective way for clients with PD to communicate, especially if they have difficulty speaking or being understood. It allows for clear communication without the need for verbal articulation.

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The client with cirrhosis has developed spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP). Which data indicates this complication of cirrhosis is occurring?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client's arterial blood gas (ABG) reads: pH 7.18, PaCO2 54 mm Hg, HCO3 26 mEq/L. What condition does the nurse recognize may contribute to the development of this result? Normal values: pH: 7.35-7.45, PaCO2: 35-45 mm Hg, HCO3: 22-26 mEq/L

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A spouse expresses frustration when trying to communicate with a client with Parkinson's disease (PD). What can the nurse do to facilitate communication between the client and spouse?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client with sepsis. Which intervention would the nurse include to monitor for decreased tissue perfusion?

When assessing a client with sepsis, which finding would be consistent with the late phase of septic shock?

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A client has the following arterial blood gas (ABG) results: pH 7.51, PaCO2 39 mm Hg, HCO3 32 mEq/L. How would the nurse interpret these results? Normal values: pH: 7.35-7.45, PaCO2: 35-45 mm Hg, HCO3: 22-26 mEq/L

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