The arterial blood gas (ABG) results for a patient who overdosed on barbiturates are pH = 7.32, PaCO2 = 52, and HCO3 = 23. Which interpretation would the nurse rely on when planning the patient's care?

The correct answer is c. Respiratory acidosis.

Choice A reason: Metabolic acidosis is incorrect because the HCO3 level is normal. In metabolic acidosis, we would expect to see a decreased HCO3.

Choice B reason: Metabolic alkalosis is incorrect because the HCO3 level is normal. In metabolic alkalosis, we would expect to see an increased HCO3.

Choice C reason: The given ABG results indicate a low pH (acidosis), an elevated PaCO2 (respiratory component), and a normal HCO3 (metabolic component). The low pH and increased PaCO2 suggest respiratory acidosis.

Choice D reason: Respiratory alkalosis is incorrect because the PaCO2 level is elevated, not decreased. In respiratory alkalosis, we would expect to see a decreased PaCO2.

Choice A rationale:

The sodium level is within the normal range, but the potassium level is slightly elevated. This does not support the rationale for changing the IV prescription to a lower potassium concentration.

Choice B rationale:

The sodium level is slightly elevated, and the potassium level is within the normal range. This does not support the rationale for changing the IV prescription to a lower potassium concentration.

Choice C rationale:

Sodium level of 135 mEq/L, potassium level of 3.6 mEq/L is the correct answer. In this option, both sodium and potassium levels are within normal ranges. Changing the IV prescription to DSNS with 20 mEq KCl/L ensures that the patient receives adequate hydration (from the dextrose and normal saline) without causing hyperkalemia.

Choice D rationale:

The sodium level is slightly elevated, and the potassium level is within the normal range. This does not support the rationale for changing the IV prescription to a lower potassium concentration.