Sara has been admitted to the unit for asthma exacerbation. Which assessment findings are commonly associated with asthma exacerbation? (Select all that apply)

Bradypnea

Wheezing

Bradycardia

Use of accessory muscles for breathing

Decreased oxygen saturation

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D,E

Choice A reason: Bradypnea (slow breathing) isn’t typical in asthma exacerbation; tachypnea occurs due to airway obstruction. Reduced respiratory rate suggests fatigue or resolution, not active exacerbation, contradicting the physiology of acute bronchoconstriction.

Choice B reason: Wheezing results from turbulent airflow through narrowed bronchioles in asthma exacerbation. It’s a hallmark sign, reflecting reversible obstruction from inflammation and bronchospasm, consistently present during acute episodes requiring intervention.

Choice C reason: Bradycardia isn’t associated with asthma exacerbation; tachycardia is common from hypoxia and stress. Slow heart rate may indicate severe hypoxia late-stage, but it’s not a typical finding in active exacerbation.

Choice D reason: Accessory muscle use (e.g., sternocleidomastoid) compensates for obstructed airflow in asthma exacerbation. It reflects increased work of breathing due to bronchoconstriction, a frequent physical sign during acute respiratory distress.

Choice E reason: Decreased oxygen saturation occurs in asthma exacerbation from ventilation-perfusion mismatch. Inflamed airways limit oxygen delivery, dropping SpO2 below 95%, a common finding necessitating bronchodilators and oxygen therapy.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Ambulation in sickle cell crisis risks worsening pain and ischemia from exertion. Rest preserves oxygen, as sickle hemoglobin clogs vessels; encouraging movement contradicts physiology, delaying recovery in acute vaso-occlusion.

Choice B reason: Opioids relieve severe pain in sickle cell crisis from vaso-occlusion. Evaluating their effect ensures adequate control, as pain signals ongoing tissue hypoxia, guiding dose adjustments for comfort and healing.

Choice C reason: High-protein, high-calorie diets support chronic sickle cell needs, not acute crisis. Teaching this now is secondary, as pain and hydration take priority over nutrition education during active vaso-occlusive events.

Choice D reason: Limiting fluids worsens sickle cell crisis by increasing blood viscosity, promoting sickling. Hydration (IV/oral) dilutes hemoglobin S, improving flow, so restriction contradicts evidence-based crisis management principles.

A. Encourage the patient to engage in regular low-impact exercise. B. Advise the patient to limit fluid intake to prevent edema. C. Instruct the patient to wear tight-fitting shoes to improve circulation. D. Recommend strict bed rest to minimize pain.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Low-impact exercise, like walking, enhances collateral circulation in PAD, increasing blood flow to ischemic muscles. It reduces claudication by stimulating angiogenesis and improving endothelial function, a cornerstone of evidence-based management to alleviate symptoms effectively.

Choice B reason: Limiting fluid intake addresses edema, not a primary PAD issue, which involves arterial insufficiency, not venous stasis. This strategy lacks scientific support for claudication relief, as hydration status doesn’t directly influence arterial perfusion.

Choice C reason: Tight shoes restrict circulation, worsening PAD by compressing arteries and exacerbating ischemia. Proper footwear is essential, but constriction contradicts vascular physiology, potentially increasing pain and tissue damage rather than improving blood flow.

Choice D reason: Bed rest reduces activity, promoting stasis and deconditioning in PAD, worsening claudication. Immobility decreases muscle pump action and collateral flow, conflicting with evidence that exercise improves symptoms, making this detrimental to recovery.

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Sara has been admitted to the unit for asthma exacerbation. Which assessment findings are commonly associated with asthma exacerbation? (Select all that apply)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which nursing intervention is important when providing care for a patient in sickle cell crisis?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A 65-year-old patient with a history of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) presents to the clinic with complaints of intermittent claudication in the right leg. Which of the following management strategies should the nurse prioritize to improve the patient’s condition?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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