Patient Data
Choose the most likely options for the information missing from the statements by selecting from the lists of options provided.
Based on the client's history, physical and laboratory findings, the priority need will be to treat
The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"C","dropdown-group-2":"A","dropdown-group-3":"A"}
Rationale for correct choices:
• Infection: The client presents with redness, warmth, swelling, and pain in the left lower leg, accompanied by a small cut and a history of type 2 diabetes. These findings, along with elevated temperature and glucose, indicate a bacterial skin infection requiring prompt treatment with antibiotics to prevent progression.
• Sepsis: Older adults with diabetes and chronic comorbidities are at high risk for systemic infection. The client’s generalized muscle aches, fever, and elevated glucose may indicate early systemic involvement. Interventions to prevent sepsis, such as timely IV antibiotics, monitoring vital signs, and laboratory markers (e.g., WBC, lactate), are crucial to reduce life-threatening complications.
Rationale for incorrect choices:
• Congestive heart failure: While the client has a history of heart failure, the acute presentation of erythema, warmth, and localized swelling suggests infection rather than fluid overload as the priority concern. CHF management is important but secondary in this scenario.
• Kidney disease: Stage 3a chronic kidney disease is a chronic condition and does not explain the acute signs of infection. Monitoring kidney function is important for medication dosing, but it is not the immediate priority.
• Hyperglycemia: The client’s blood glucose is elevated at 252 mg/dL, likely worsened by stress and infection. Hyperglycemia requires monitoring and management, but the underlying infection poses a more immediate threat to health.
• Deep vein thrombosis: DVT can cause leg swelling and pain, but the presence of erythema, warmth, and a break in the skin indicates cellulitis rather than thrombus formation. DVT prevention may be part of ongoing care but is not the priority in this acute presentation.
• Peripheral neuropathy: The client has baseline neuropathy contributing to bilateral leg discomfort, but it does not explain the acute swelling, redness, and warmth. Pain management may be necessary, but infection treatment is urgent.
• Edema: Edema is a symptom present in several chronic conditions, including CHF and PVD, but in this case, localized edema is part of the infection process. Addressing the infection takes priority over general edema management.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Soft abdomen, absent bowel sounds, no bleeding on dressing: This provides relevant post-operative assessment information, but it reflects the current status rather than additional history affecting immediate care priorities.
B. Peripheral pulses present with full range of motion of both legs: This is important for neurovascular assessment, but it is already covered in routine PACU reporting and does not represent additional critical information.
C. Declining to take ice chips despite reporting of dry mouth: While this may affect hydration and comfort, it does not significantly alter immediate post-operative management and can be addressed by the receiving nurse.
D. History of vomiting at home for 3 days prior to surgery: This is significant additional information because prolonged preoperative vomiting can lead to fluid and electrolyte imbalances, increasing the risk for complications post-operatively. The receiving nurse needs to be aware to guide monitoring and interventions.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Iodine: An iodine allergy is more relevant for clients receiving contrast media or iodine-based antiseptics, not dorzolamide. Dorzolamide is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, and its risk profile is not associated with iodine sensitivity.
B. Latex: Latex allergy is an important consideration in nursing care, particularly regarding equipment and supply use. However, dorzolamide as an ophthalmic preparation does not contain latex, so this allergy does not directly influence the safety of administering the drug.
C. Penicillin: Penicillin allergy is significant for antibiotics, but dorzolamide is not a beta-lactam or related medication. There is no cross-reactivity between penicillin and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, making this allergy less concerning for this prescription.
D. Sulfonamide: Dorzolamide contains a sulfonamide component, and clients with a sulfonamide allergy are at risk for hypersensitivity reactions such as rash, conjunctivitis, or even systemic effects. Reviewing the medical record for a sulfonamide allergy is essential before administration to prevent serious complications.
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