Oxygen at 5 L/minute per nasal cannula is being administered to a 10-year-old child with pneumonia. When planning care for this child, which principle of oxygen administration should the nurse consider?

Oxygen is less toxic when it is humidified with a hydration source.

Avoid administration of oxygen at high levels for extended periods.

Increase oxygen rate during sleep to compensate for slower respiratory rate.

Taking a sedative at bedtime slows respiratory rate, which decreases oxygen needs.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Oxygen is less toxic when it is humidified with a hydration source. While humidification can prevent drying of the respiratory mucosa, it does not directly relate to the principle of avoiding high levels of oxygen for extended periods.
B.   Avoid administration of oxygen at high levels for extended periods. This is the correct principle. Prolonged exposure to high levels of oxygen can lead to oxygen toxicity, which can cause lung damage. Oxygen therapy should be titrated to maintain adequate oxygenation without exposing the patient to excessive oxygen levels.
C.   Increase oxygen rate during sleep to compensate for slower respiratory rate. This statement is incorrect. Oxygen therapy should be adjusted based on the patient's oxygen saturation levels and respiratory status, not solely on sleep patterns.
D.   Taking a sedative at bedtime slows respiratory rate, which decreases oxygen needs. While sedatives can depress respiratory rate, leading to decreased oxygen needs, this is not a general principle of oxygen administration. Oxygen therapy should be based on the patient's oxygenation needs rather than medications they are taking.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Respiratory acidosis. Respiratory acidosis occurs when there is hypoventilation, leading to an accumulation of carbon dioxide and increased acidity in the blood. Hyperventilation, as described in the scenario, would not lead to respiratory acidosis.
B. Respiratory alkalosis. Hyperventilation leads to respiratory alkalosis by blowing off excessive carbon dioxide, resulting in decreased levels of carbonic acid and increased blood pH.
C. Metabolic acidosis. Metabolic acidosis results from an accumulation of acids or loss of bicarbonate ions. The scenario does not indicate factors leading to metabolic acidosis.
D. Metabolic alkalosis. Metabolic alkalosis occurs due to excessive loss of acids or increased bicarbonate levels, neither of which is suggested in the scenario.

A. Swollen hands. B. Headache. C. Blurred vision. D. Lack of appetite. E. Chills and fever. F. Urinary frequency.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

A. Swollen hands can indicate edema, which is a common sign of preeclampsia. Swelling, especially in the hands, face, or feet, can be due to elevated blood pressure and should be reported to the healthcare provider.

B. Headaches are a concerning symptom in preeclampsia, especially when they are persistent or severe. This is often due to high blood pressure and requires medical evaluation to prevent complications like eclampsia or stroke.

C. Blurred vision is a serious indicator of preeclampsia as it reflects possible neurological involvement or increased blood pressure, which can affect blood flow to the brain and eyes. This is an urgent symptom that needs prompt medical attention.

D. Lack of appetite is not a common or specific symptom of preeclampsia. It may be present in other conditions, but it is not a key indicator of preeclampsia.

E. Chills and fever are typically associated with infections, not preeclampsia. These symptoms do not indicate the presence of preeclampsia and are unrelated to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

F. Urinary frequency is more commonly related to pregnancy in general due to the growing uterus pressing on the bladder. It is not specifically associated with preeclampsia. In preeclampsia, a decrease in urine output may be more concerning as it can signal kidney involvement.

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Oxygen at 5 L/minute per nasal cannula is being administered to a 10-year-old child with pneumonia. When planning care for this child, which principle of oxygen administration should the nurse consider?

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